141 



rather common summer resident in secluded localities, and is espe- 

 cially abundant in the "bottoms" along the rivers in the southern 

 part of the state. Arrives early in April and departs the last of Octo- 

 ber. 



Genus Puligula Steph. 



270. F. marila {Linn.'). Greater Scaup Duck. A rare migrant. 

 Present with the following species in about the same proportion that 

 A. obsctira bears to A. boschas. 



271. F. aflBLnis Forst. Lesser Scaup Duck. An exceedingly 

 abundant migrant and in years when the Lake does not become frozen 

 over is a resident through the year. This is not an uncommon spe- 

 cies upon the larger marshes and inland lakes during the breeding 

 season. Commence to arrive in large numbers from the south the 

 last of February or first of March, according to the season, and are 

 mostly gone by the 20th of April. About the time they leave for more 

 northern bi-eeding grounds they congregate in very large flocks on 

 rivers or small lakes, and soon all have disappeared from these haunts 

 and none, except the comparatively few which remain to breed, are 

 found there again until they return in autumn, about the Sth to 10th of 

 October. Flocks may be found upon Lake Michigan from one to two 

 weeks after they have left the inland waters. Their young are hatched 

 from the first to the middle of June. 



272. F. eoUaris Douov. Ring-neck Duck. In about equal num- 

 bers with the preceding during the migrations. Its habits, haunts, 

 and time of migration, agree very closely with those of the little 

 scaup duck. This species also breeds about the marshes in North- 

 Eastern Illinois, but in smaller numbers than, the preceding. 



273. F. ferina var. americana Eyton. Red-head Duck. Very 

 common migrant. Arrives the last of March and lingers until the last 

 of April. Returns the last of October and remains until the wild 

 rice swamps freeze over, the last of November. 



274. F. vallisneria Wils. Canvas-back Duck. Very common 

 migrant. Migrates with the preceding. Like other species of the 

 Fnligidince. found here, the canvas-back shows a liking for open water 

 and is more numerous on the small inland lakes than in the marshes. 



Genus Bucephala Baird. 



275. B. clangula (Linn.). Golden-eye Duck. Common mi- 

 grant throughout the state and abundant on Lake Michigan, where it 

 is usually a winter resident. This is usually a very shy species, but 

 occasionally it exhibits great stupidity. I have known of several 

 being shot from an open boat upon the Lake, by placing out wooden 

 decoys which they would approach, sometimes while the gunner was 



