ARHNO. 325 



of the islands forms the sweep of the eastern and western face of the horn 

 of the northwest point (PI. 182, figs. 1, 2). To the south of the first 

 transverse island a second row of islands cuts across the southern part of 

 the wide reef flat of the northwest point, flanked in its turn by islands 

 and islets with a steep sea face and high shingle or sand beaches. They 

 form the western land rim ; this passes gradually into a more or less 

 indistinct reef, the position of which is barely indicated by the color of 

 the water. On the north face is a continuous line of islands covered with 

 luxuriant vegetation, with steep shingle beaches extending east from the 

 base of the northwest point (PI. 180, fig. 3), flanked at the base with 

 high shingle and beach rock, extending as far as Dodo Pass (PI. 180, 

 fig. 4), and from Dodo Pass to the base of the northeast point. 



At the base of the northern spit the land rim extends on one side 

 towards the southeast, north of Dodo Pass, and on the other towards the 

 westernmost point of the atoll. On the broad reef flat of the western 

 face, which is bare at its northern extremity, are a number of islands and 

 islets near its western point ; this is occupied by an island of somewhat 

 greater size. Skirting along the western coast we could see the lagoon 

 side of the many islands and islets extending northward from Dodo Pass 

 to the base of the northern spit (PI. 180, fig. 4). 



When off the eastern face of the northwest point of Arhno, we were 

 able to examine the secondary lagoon formed on that spit (PI. 182) ; it 

 differs but little from the secondary lagoons of the spits or exten.sions 

 of many of the atolls in the Marshall Islands. In the case of Arhno, 

 the northern extremity of the flat of the spit is exposed to the action of 

 the sea from all directions ; the secondary lagoon is open to the north 

 (PI. 228, fig. 4), the northern reef flat being too deep to allow material 

 to accumulate, either on its weather or on its lee face. The reef flat of 

 the northern point, south of the secondary lagoon, is more than a mile 

 wide. Two rows of islands and islets flank the eastern and western face ; 

 from the extremities of the islands extend lines and bars of sand and 

 shingle at I'ight angles to the general line of the land rim, with here 

 and there gaps opening on the extensive inner reef flat. We could see 

 from the east side the sand beaches on the lagoon face of the islands 



