292 General Discussion of the Crosses 



with branches of scroll-work in the tower of Barnack church (North- 

 amptonshire) are of the earher 11th century.^ 



In the cathedral of Torcello (ca. 1008), on the parapets {transennoe) 

 of the choir, the whole surface is covered with volutes, in which birds 

 and little animals disport, as on the Brescia screen.^ 



At Jedburgh there is a slab of sandstone in the north transept of 

 the abbey, thus described by Allen ^ : ' Of nearly rectangular shape 

 (but fractured along one edge), 2 feet 7 inches high by 2 feet wide, 

 sculptured in relief on one face thus (fig. 454) : . . . the lower part of 

 a panel of scroll foliage with winged dragons, birds and beasts in- 

 volved in the branches and eating the fruit ; and (on the right) 

 a panel of interlaced-work.' This stone Professor Howard Crosb}' 

 Butler figures in his Ruined Abbeys of Scotland (p. 71), and entitles 

 it, ' Fragment of Romanesque altar-piece ' ; elsewhere he compares 

 it, in general style and technique, with Lombard work of the 11th 

 century, with which he regards it as very closely allied.'* 



Of the 11th century is reported to be a foliage-scroll found in a copy 

 of the Gospels in the National Library of Paris.^ 



At Flaa and Sauland, in Norway, the doorways of the churches are 

 decorated with a vine-scroll, winding about animals. These are 

 of the nth century.^ 



Of the 12th century are the foliage-scrolls with figures of the west 

 door of Lincoln Cathedral.' 



Vines are to be found in France, in the 12th century, at Chartres,^ 

 Vezelay,9 St. Denis,^" Notre-Dame de Paris (1190- 1215), ^^ Arles.^^ 



1 Rivoira 2. 181. 



2 Michel 11. 389; Cattaneo, Arch, in Italy, pp. 332-3; Venturi 2. 161. 

 2 Early Christ. Mon. of Scotland 3. 433-4; cf. 1. Ixii ; Anderson, Scotland 



in Early Christ. Times 2. 233. Also described and illustrated in Stuart, 

 Scul-pt. Stones of Scotland, Vol. 2, PI. 118, No. 1; Catholic Encyc. 1. 509. 

 * Letter of Jan. 17, 1910. Cf., however, Enlart, in Michel 2. 200. Prior 

 and Gardner, ' Med. Figure- Sculpture in England,' Architectural Review, 

 July, 1902, p. 11, refer it to ca. 700. 



^ Greenwell, Catalogue, p. 53, note ; Labarte, Histoire des Arts IndustrielS; 

 Vol. 1, pi. 4. 



® Henry Rousseau, Annales de la Soc. Archeol. de Bruxelles 16. 70. 

 So at Aal and Tuft (Michel 1^. 524). 



'^ Marriage, Sculpt, of Chartres Cath., p. 44. 



8 Marriage, pp. 44-5; cf. pp. 200-1 ; VioUet-le-Duc 8. 210-1. Cf. p. 129, below. 

 » Poree, U Ahhage de Vezelay, pp. 38-9; VioUet-le-Duc 8. 213-5. 

 10 VioUet-le-Duc 8. 222. 

 " Ibid. 8. 230. 

 12 Venturi 3. 281. 

 (80) 



