308 Theory as to the Origin of the Crosses 



At the revival of the episcopate of Glasgow, under David I, the 

 whole churches of Dumfriesshire were included within its jurisdiction. 

 The authority of the bishops of Glasgow over the parishes of Eskdale, 

 Ewisdale, Dryfesdale, Annandale, Glencairn, and Strathnith, with a 

 part of Cumberland, was confirmed by Pope Alexander in 1178, by 

 Lucius in 1181, and by Urban in 1186 A. D. Several of the churches 

 with their revenues belonged to the bishops of Glasgow, as the property 

 of their see. From the munificence of Robert de Bruce, the bishop of 

 Glasgow acquired, about the year 1174, the property of the churches 

 of Moffat and Kirkpatrick.^ 



Hie Henricus . . . videns Johannem Episcopum Glasguensem per 

 Cumberlandiam ecelesias dedicare, et cetei'a officia pontificaha se- 

 cundum morem juris antiqui perficere, etc- 



The inquisition made in 1120 or 1121 into the lands belonging to the 

 see of Glasgow by the elders and wise men of Cumbria by command 

 of David, its earl, is a unique and valuable record of his method of 

 procedure. Its preamble bears that disturbances had not only destroyed 

 the church but laid waste the whole region, and that the tribes of dif- 

 ferent languages now inhabiting it had relapsed into a condition more 

 resembUng heathens than christians, and that God had now sent to 

 them David, the brother of the king of Scotland, as their prince. It 

 then recites that David through zeal for reUgion had ordered an inquest 

 to be made of the possessions formerly belonging to the see of Glasgow 

 that they might be restored to it. The names of the lands of the church 

 thus restored are, as might be expected, chiefly Celtic, and formed, 

 whether they originally belonged to the see of Kentigern or not, the 

 later diocese of Glasgow. The inquest concludes with the names of five 

 witnesses who swore to it and a larger number who were present and 

 heard it read. Their names, a strange medley of Celtic, Saxon, and 

 Norman, afford a pregnant proof of the mixed population even among 

 the class of landowners. ^ 



Has vero auxilio et investigatione seniorum hominum et sapientorum 

 totius Cumbrie pro posse suo investigavit, que inferius subscribuntur. 

 . . . Has terras juraverunt fore pertinentes Ecclesie Glasgu, rogatu 

 et imperio supradicti principis, Uchtred fihus Waldef, Gill filius Boed, 

 Leysyng et Oggo, Cumbrenses judices, Halden filius Eadulf. Hujus 

 rei testes sunt, etc.* 



^ Chalmers, Caledonia 5. 148. 



2 Fordun, Scotichron. 8. 3. 



3 Diet. Nat. Biog. 14. 117-8. 



* David's Inquest, in Haddan and Stubbs, Councils 2. 18 ; also in Beg- 

 istrum Episcopatus Glasguensis (Bannatyne Club) I. 7. 

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