The Power which Enabled and Suggested the Production 309 



Bueth, a name occurring twice among 12th century landholders in 

 North Cumberland, is probably GaeUc Buidh, modern Boyd, i. e., 

 " yellow-haired." The relatives of the two Bueths bear Gaehc and 

 Norse names, as well as Norman, later on : so that it may be presumed 

 these people, whether one family or not, were originally Gallgael, or 

 Viking who had intermarried with Gaels. Bewcastle, and also 

 Buetholme and Buethby (Norse place-names) are obviously derived from 

 Bueth (Chancellor Prescott's Wetherhal, p. 197). The two Bueths are 

 <a) father of Gilles— not the French Giles, but Gilles which, like MaUse, 

 means " Servant of Jesus " ( Giolla-Iosa in full Gaehc spelhng). This Gilles 

 Avas a Cumbrian witness in an inquisition as to the lands of Glasgow 

 €hurch, 1120-1121, and owned " Gilles-land " to his death, after which 

 it was given to Hubert de Valhbus (1157) (Wetherhal, p. 195-6); 

 (b) Bueth or Bueth-barn {i. e., Bueth " the childe," junior ; though Chan- 

 cellor Prescott says " Bueth' s child "). He gave land in Bewcastle 

 to Wetherhal Priory, and his son Robert confirmed the grant (1177-8). 

 Robert joined Wilham the Lion (1173-4) and was fined one mark for 

 the act of rebeUion (Pipe Rolls, 1177). His name appears in several 

 charters with contemporary lords and clerics. . . . We cannot say that 

 Bueth-barn was descended from Bueth, father of Gilles, but as it was 

 common to give a grandson his grandfather's name, it is likely that 

 we have four generations: — Bueth, Gilles, Bueth-barn, Robert.^ 



Bueth, or Buec, or Boed, would seem to have held the district which 

 afterwards formed the Barony of Gilsland, or Gillesland, and the country 

 immediately to the north of it. The name appears here as in the place 

 name Buchastre, Buchcastre, or Buethcastre. ... In the Pipe Rolls, 

 we find that Robert son of Bueth was fined one marc in 1177, for having 

 been with the enemies of the king. He is witness to several of the 

 charters of Robert de Vallibus and others of the period (Regist. Laner- 

 cost, MS. i, 6, 8 ; ii, 9, 12). Robert de Buethcastre is said to have given 

 the Church of Bewcastle to the Priory of Carhsle. . . . The name Bueth 

 appears in other places in Gilsland, as Buetholme and Buethby {Regist. 

 Lanercost, MS. iii, 8 et al.). . . . The castle, of later date than the time of 

 Gille son of Bueth, probably occupies the site of the castle where tlie 

 family of Bueth resided, and where Gilles son of Bueth held the district 

 until his death. ... It was called Bewecastell as early as 1488 {Cal. 

 Doc. Scot. ed. Bain, iv. 345).2 



Carta MabiMaj filia? Adse fihj Richeri de Buchcastre facta monachis 

 de Wederhale de XIV acris terrse in Buchcastre. ^ 



^ CoUingwood, quoted by Curwen, St. Cuthbert's Church, Bewcastle, in 

 Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiq. and Arch. Soc. Trails., 'N. S. 2 (1902). 243. 



2 Prescott, Register of the Priory of Wetherhal (EUiott Stock, 1897), 

 pp. 195-7. 



3 Prescott, p. 199. 



Trans. Conn. Acad.. Vol. XVII. 21 (97) 



