The Motive or Motives which Actuated the Production 325 



Fecit quoque cruciculas et oratoriola in campis, et ad fontes, vel 

 iibicumque sibi visum fuit : et jussit ibi publicas orationes celebrari, 

 donee multitudines populorum, spretis cseteris episcopis, et dimissis 

 antiquis ecclesiis in talibus locis conventus celebrarent. '^ 



' Do so,' replied he ; ' go on board, and return home in safety. But, 

 when the Lord shall have taken my spirit, bury me [Cuthbert] in this 

 house, near my oratory, towards the south, over against the eastern 

 side of the holy cross [at Fame], which I have erected there.' ^ 



Fecerat iste [^thelwold, Bishop of Lindisfarne, 721— ca. 740] de lapide 

 crucem artifici opere expohri, et in sui memoriam suum in eo nomen 

 exarari. Cujus summitatem multo post tempore, dum ipsam ecclesiam 

 Lindisfarnensem pagan! devastarent, fregerunt, sed post artificis 

 ingenio reliquse parti infuso plumbo, ipsa fractura est adjuncta ; semper- 

 que deinceps cum corpore sancti Cuthberti crux ipsa circumferri solebat, 

 et a populo Northanhymbrorum propter utrumque sanctum in honore 

 haberi : quae etiam usque hodie in hujus, id est, Dunelmensis ecclesise 

 coemiterio stans subhmis, utrorumque pontificum intuentibus exhibet 

 monumentum.^ 



In estimating the motives which may have actuated David — sup- 

 posing him to have been influential, directly or indirectly, in the erec- 

 tion of the Ruthwell and Bewcastle Crosses — ^we must remember his 

 devotion to the cross, which may well have been derived from his 

 mother ; his love of the arts in general, and of architecture in parti- 

 cular ; and the numerous monasteries which he founded * or re- 

 edified, or whose foundation he confirmed. We must remember, 

 too, his interest in extending his sway, but no less his desire to con- 

 solidate, to pacify, to rule by law, to civilize, and to Christianize 

 the territories under his dominion. 



Sed cum feria sexta morbus ingravesceret, et ei standi simul et in- 

 cedendi facultatum, vis languoris adimeret ; accersitis clericis, virisque 

 religiosis, Dominici corporis sacramentum sibi dari postulavit. Paran- 

 tibus ilhs efferre quod jusserat prohibuit ille, dicens se ante sacrosanctum 



^ Boniface, Epistola 57 : Boniface to Pope Zacharias, A. D. 744 (ed. Giles, 

 1. 122). This is in an account of Aldibertus, ' natione generis Gallus.' 



2 Bede, Life of St. Cuthbert, ed. Giles 4. 325. Rousseau (Annales de la 

 Soc. Archeol. de Bruxelles 16. 71) thinks of the Ruthwell Cross as originally 

 destined for a churchyard, because the runes refer to the death of Christ. 



3 Simeon of Durham, Hist. Dunelm. Eccl. 1. 12 {Rolls Series 1. 39). 

 * See p. 117, note 5. 



Trans. Conn. Acad., Vol. XVII 22 (113) 



