Cultural and Artistic Antecedeyits : Tiron 339 



and resorted to by him for the interment of his son Henry, at the 

 very close of his own reign, twenty-five years later. We may still 

 see portions of their work in the north transept of the church. 



It is to these skilful monks that we owe the masterful work upon the 

 north transept with its exquisite portal, the deHcate mouldings of the 

 arcades which make them seem too fine for Norman work, and the 

 skilful adjustment of the tower to its supports.^ 



Tiron must have been much in David's thoughts for another reason. 

 About 1117 he made his tutor, John,^ who had been a monk of Tiron, 

 Bishop of Glasgow, and he continued in this office, though with long 

 absences from his see, until 1147, when he died and was buried at 

 Jedburgh. Other proofs of David's attachment to Tiron are to be 

 found in his exemption, about 1141, at the instance of Bishop John, 

 of a ship belonging to this monastery from the cain, or customar}- 

 tax,^ an exemption which was confirmed by his son Henry.* 

 Geoffrey, the biographer of Bernard, not onl}^ reports the foundation 

 of Kelso, but also tells of a later visit of David to Tiron after 



1 Butler, Scotland's Ruined Abbeys, p. 97 ; of. Cram, The Ruined Abbeys 

 of Great Britain, pp. 149, 145. There is a kind of chequer-work (Butler, pp.94-5) 

 on the gable (somewhat resembUng that on the gable of the 12th century 

 church of St. Stephen's at Beauvais) which might have suggested that on 

 the Bewcastle Cross. Kelso is only 37 miles from Bewcastle in a straight 

 line. 



^ Cf. p. 126, note 6. The chief events of his life may be summarized 

 as follows : David's inquisition, 1120 or 1121 ; John is early alarmed by the 

 savagery of his diocese ; suspended by Archbishop Thurstan of York in 1122, 

 and makes a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, but in 1123 is ordered by Pope 

 Cahxtus II to return; goes to Rome, 1125; returns, 1126; is made chancellor 

 by David, 1129 ; see of Carlisle created at the expense of the see of Glasgow, 

 1133 ; retires to Tiron, 1133-1138 ; obtains numerous gifts from David for 

 the cathedral of Glasgow, which is consecrated in 1136, John being absent ; 

 is ordered to return by the papal legate Alberic, who had settled Aldulf or 

 Adelulf, formerly Prior of Nostell Abbey, as bishop at Carhsle {Diet. Nat. 

 Biog. ; Haddan and Stubbs, Councils 2. 13-31). On Adelulf (d. 1156) see 

 Raine, Archbishops of York 1. 202-3 ; Priory of Hexham 1. 110 ; Searle, 

 Onomasticon Anglo- Saxonicum, p. 61 ; Lawrie, pp. 267-270 ; Haddan and 

 Stubbs, Councils 2. 27 ; Dugdale, Monast. Angl. 6 89 ff. ; Freeman, Norm. 

 Cong. 5. 230. 



^ Cartulaire de VAbbaye de la Sainte-Trinite de Tiron 1. 80 ; Lawrie, p. 103. 



* Cartulaire 2. 14 ; LaAvrie, p. 104. 



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