518 Ora Delmer Foster, 



except b}^ supposing our author to have been acquainted with that 

 Epistle. James shares its fundamental ideas with those of the 

 Shepherd of Hermas, and even in expression it often approaches 

 the latter remarkably closely." (Int. p. 224.) 



Were we to grant the truth of Mayor's assertion — which is not 

 supported by the facts — that " the common thought finds fuller 

 expression in I Peter," it would still afford no conclusive argument 

 for the priority of James. Cf. the relation of I Peter to Ephesians 

 and Romans. What is much more conclusive is the naturalness 

 with which the citations in question occur in their respective contexts. 

 It has been noted at various points in the above study that the 

 contextual connection is much better in I Peter and not unfrequently 

 does it appear that the thought of James has been introduced at 

 the suggestion of another. The priority of our Epistle seems evident 

 in no less than half of the parallels, e. g. 1-9, 11, 14-17, 19. Appa- 

 rently therefore those are correct who claim James depends directly 

 upon the First Epistle of Peter. 



JUDE 

 D 

 d 



(1) I Pt. 1 ; 1, 6 Jude 1 



ex7.£X-oT? . . . sv ocyiaTjJLco TuveO- toT? sv 0sw xaxpl f|Ya7iY,[jivoi? . . . 



[xcczoc, 5 (-£TY]pYj[jivrjv) cppoupou- TSTTjpYj[jivoi? yCX'riZQX(; 

 [xivouc, Bia TciffTscoc . . . 



The occurence of the doctrines of the beUevers' election, sancti- 

 fication and security in such close contextual connection makes 

 dependence seem probable at the very outset. 



(2) I Pt. 1 ; 2 Jude 2 



/api? 'j[j.Tv xat, sip'/jVYi Tzltpuvb-ziri zkzoc, 6[j.Tv xot siprjVTj xat, ayaz'/) 



Jude reproduces the phraseology of our Epistle more perfectly at 

 this point than any other N. T. writing, excepting II Pt. 1 ; 2, which 

 was borrowed either from Jude or from I Peter. II Peter has the 

 exact form found in I Peter, but it is a recasting of Jude by a student 

 of I Peter, hence the priority must be given to our Epistle. The 

 direct sequence of this close parallel with the one preceding it leads 



