No. 1.] SIR WILLIAM EDMOND LOGAN. 37 



" Living the life of a savage, sleeping on the beach in a blanket 

 sack with my feet to the fire, seldom taking my clothes off, eat- 

 ing salt pork and ship's biscuit, occasionally tormented by mos- 

 quitoes," — such is the record which Logan has left us of his 

 Gaspe* life, the foretaste of what was to be endured for many 

 years. From early dawn till dusk he paced or paddled, and yet 

 his work was not finished, for while his Indians — often his sole 

 companions — smoked their pipes round the evening fire, he 

 wrote his notes and plotted the day's measurements. 



To give details of his work during the many remaining years 

 of his life would be to write a book ; and all that we can do here 

 is to trace briefly what his movements were, at the same time 

 calling special attention to those of his labours which have given 

 him a world-wide fame. 



The summer of 184G found him studying the copper-bearing 

 rocks of Lake Superior. These he shewed to consist of two 

 groups of strata, the "upper" and the '"lower," the latter of 

 which was seen at Thunder Bay to rest unconformable upon 

 chloritic slates belouging to an older series, to which the name 

 of Hurouian was subsequently given. This older set of rocks, 

 which he had already observed, in 1845, on Lake Temiscamang, 

 he had ample opportunity of studying in 1848, when he devoted 

 several months to an examination of the Canadian coast and 

 islands of Lake Huron, where the formation attains — as shewn 

 by Murray — a thickness of 18,000 feet. 



The seasons of 1847 and 1849, and a portion of that of 1848, 

 were employed in studying the rocks of the Eastern Townships. 

 Part of these were shown to be a prolongation of the Green 

 Mountains of Vermont, and to consist of altered Silurian strata 

 instead of "Primary strata," as was previously supposed by 

 American geologists. In 1849 also, a short time was spent in 

 an examination of the rocks about Bay St. Paul and Murray 

 Bay, where coal had been reported to exist. The member for 

 Saguenay county had previously made application to the Legisla- 

 ture for means to carry on boring operations in the vicinity of 

 Bay St. Paul, but before his request was granted it was deemed 

 advisable to obtain the opinion of the Provincial Geologist. By 

 this means the Government was saved a large and useless expen- 

 diture of money. 



In 1850 an examination was made of the gold-bearing drift of 

 the Chaudiere, and the auriferous district found to extend over 



