No. 4.] HIND — NORTH EASTERN LABRADOR. 227 



NOTES ON SOME GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE 

 NORTH EASTERN COAST OF LABRADOR. 



By Henry Youle Hind, M.A. 



1. Area described.— 2. Rock Cleavage.— 3. Pan Ice,— 4. Extent of Pan Ice Work. 

 5. Glacial Striae and Glacial Clay?.— 6. Icebergs.— 7. Formation of Boulder 

 Clays.— 8. The Marine Climate of the Labrador Coast.— 9. The Crystalline 

 Limestones of the Laurentian Series. 



1. Area Described. 



The part of the North-eastern Coast of Labrador to which 

 reference is made in these notes, extends from Sandwich Bay 

 (Lat. 53° 45' N.) to Ukkasiksalik or Freestone Point (Lat. 55° 

 55' N.), a distance measured coastwise of about 230 miles. 

 Freestone Point is 350 miles north-west of Belle Isle, and it 

 takes its misleading name from the existence there of consider- 

 able pockets of the ' Ukkasik ' or Potstone of the Esquimo.* 



I am indebted to Francis Ellershausen, Esq., one of the pro- 

 prietors of the already celebrated Betts Cove Copper Mine in 

 Newfoundland, for the opportunities enjoyed last summer of 

 visiting this little known part of British America, and of 

 making the observations which form the subject of these brief 

 notes. 



The main body of Hamilton Inlet, and its South-westerly 

 extension Lake Melville, penetrating 130 geographical miles into 

 the interior, and receiving the waters of numerous large rivers, 

 is well known in its general geographical features, but nothing 

 has been published of its two great arms " The Double Mere" 

 .and " the Backway." The Double Mere is reported to be fifty 

 miles deep, and the Backway is stated to extend near to Tub 

 Harbour on the main coast. I conld not see the extremities of 

 either of these deep arms from the deck of a schooner on a clear 

 day when passing their entrances. The numerous and profound 

 Fiords which indent the coast line beyond Cape Aillik (lat. 

 55° 11', long. 59° 11') are altogether undescribed. The Admiralty 



* Ukkasik, the kettle ; ukkasiksak, the stuff for the kettle; 

 ukkasiksa-lik, supplied with that stuff for the kettle ;— the k at the 

 end of sak' being dropped for euphony.— The Kev. Brother Eisner, 

 Missionary at Hopedale. 



