No. 4.] HIND — NORTH-EASTERN LABRADOR. 233 



it was capped by an enormous deposit of stratified sandy drift, at 

 least 70 feet in thickness. A portion of the pale bluish glacial 

 clay was washed and found to contain numerous unworn and 

 angular fragments of rock and a considerable quantity of black 

 magnetic oxide of iron. The beds of stratified sandy drift were 

 seen in many places, as for instance, at the narrows above 

 Rigolette, at the mouth of English Kiver, in Kebouka Bay or 

 Fiord, &c. The highest terraces observed were fully 120 feet 

 above the ocean. Remnants of gravelly beaches were found at 

 levels below six hundred feet, occupying well sheltered nooks 

 and coves. They were often seen beyond Aillik to exhibit a 

 well defined terrace arrangement. One of the best examples 

 of this succession of gravelly terraces was observed near Cape 

 Aillik. On American Island, close to Cape Hurricane and 20 

 miles north of Hopcdale, a beach was seen at an altitude of six 

 hundred feet above the sea, and its aspect was so modern that 

 it looked as if the waves had left it but yesterday. 



It is noteworthy that in this instance the situation was expo- 

 sed, and it is difficult to imagine that this remnant of a beach, 

 could have been subjected to the action of pan ice without bein°" 

 not merely disarranged, but swept altogether away. Upon 

 entering the deep Fiords, and proceeding beyond what may be 

 termed the narrows / where pan ice has but little power a lake 

 shore aspect is at once visible. Sandy beaches, lines of bould- 

 ders, remnants of terraces, and wooded slopes all tell of a period 

 of repose, but scrape away the peat from rocky surfaces many 

 feet above the present sea level and if the rock should be resist- 

 ing gneiss, the polished surface reveals the universe action of pan 

 ice. Showers of rain show glistening surfaces far up the steep 

 sides of mouutains where no moss or lichen has yet found a 

 lodgment, though several feet in thickness of peat may occupy 

 the terrace flats; and at the base of the slopes where a soil can 

 accumulate there is a forest growth. 



The aspect of portions of the terraces of stratified sand, gra- 

 vel, shingle, and fine clay, now washed by salt water far up the 

 deep Fiords, and sometimes resting on Glacial Blue Clay, sug- 

 gest a different origin to that which gave rise to the unquestion- 

 ably mariue beds seen on the Southern Labrador Coast holding 

 marine fossils. (Vide Packard.)* 



* Canadian Geologist. 



