No. 7.] MISCELLANEOUS. 42T 



New Vegetable Remains in France. — A remarkable col- 

 lection of sillicified vegetable remains has been discovered by M. 

 Orand'Eury in two beds of conglomerate, occurring in the coal- 

 field of St. Etienne, in the south of France. These remains con- 

 .sist of fossil fruit, or rather of naked seeds resembling those of 

 the cycads or conifers. They have recently received careful 

 study by M, A. Brongniart, who has distinguished among them 

 no fewer than seventeen genera, represented by twenty. four 

 species. — Ibid. 



Warwickite. — Professor J. Lawrence Smith has recently 

 published in the American Journal of Science an analysis of this 

 very interesting mineral — the only borotitanate known. His 

 results are as follows: 



Boracic acid 27.80 



Titanic acid 23.82 



Magnesia 36.80 



Oxide of iron 7.02 



Silica 1.00 



Alumina 2.21 



98.65 



The formula for the mineral which Prof. Smith is disposed 

 to adopt is 5 Mg 3 BO3 + (Mg 0, Fe 0) 2 Ti O2. 



Permanent Ice in a Mine in the Rocky Mountains ^ 

 by R. Weiser of Georgetown, Colorado. — Geologists have been 

 not a little perplexed with the frozen rocks found in some of our 

 silver mines in Clear Creek Co., Colorado. I will first give a 

 statement of the facts in the case, and then a theory for their 

 explanation. 



There is a silver mine high up on McClellan Mountain, called 

 the " Stevens Mine.'' The altitude of this mine is 12,500 feet. 

 At the depth of from 60 to 200 feet the crevice matter, consist- 

 ing of silica, calcite, and ore, together with the surrounding 

 wall rocks, is found to be in a solid frozen mass. McClellan 

 Mountain is one of the highest extreme spurs of the Snowy 

 Range ; it has the form of a horse-shoe, with a bold escarpment 

 of feldspathic rock near 2000 feet high, which in some places is 

 nearly perpendicular. The Stevens Mine is situated in the 

 south-western bed of the great horse-shoe ; it opens from the 

 north-western. A tunnel is driven into the mountain on the 



