."No. 3.] AMERICAN ASSOCIATION. 155 



Tvas ever brought up, except a single spike. When we consider how 

 abundant the material for such remains niust be now compared 

 with those furnished by the simple methods of life and the sparse 

 population of earlier days, the indications of man's existence in 

 geoloiiical eras must be of the rarest occurrence. In fact, in such 

 rocks as the drift, only the rude stone implements could be pre- 

 served. 



Alluding to the brief moments left for the debate, Prof. 

 Morse said there was but time to s.iy that the evolution theory, 

 as compared with that of special creation, presented similar fea- 

 tures to the uudulatory theory of light as compared ^vith the 

 emission theory. Newton's theory required a new modifieatioa 

 with every discovery in optics, until, as a writer said at that time, 

 the emission theory is a mob of hypotheses. The undulatciy theory 

 of Young not only explained all that was dificult to iSewion, but 

 gave physicists the power of prevision. So with evolution ; it 

 not only accounts for existing phenomena from the modification 

 of a flower or the spot on a butterfly's wing to the genesis of the 

 cs.olar system, but it has endowed naturalists with the gift of pro- 

 phecy and enabled them to predict the intermediate forms 

 afterwards discovered in the records of the rocks. 



Calvert's supposed relics of man in the miocene op 



the dardanelles. 



By Grorgk Washburn, Hobart College. 



Sir John Lubbock announced not lono; a^o that Mr. Calvert 

 had discovered evidence at the Dardanelles of the existence of 

 man in the Miocene period. He reported that 800 feet below 

 the surface flint instruments had been found ; also, bones split 

 lengthwise, but especially a fossil bone upon which had been en- 

 graved a picture of a horned animal. The author, in company 

 •with Mr. Forbes, Instructor in Mathematics in Hobart College, 

 visited the spot last April, and found Mr. Calvert engaged in 

 mining and ready to aid them. The deposits were found mid- 

 "way between the Dardanelles and the plains of Troy. The hills 

 rise abruptly about 800 feet above the Straits, and are cut by 

 •deep ravines which exhibit the formation. 



The lowest formation exposed at this point is an argillaceous 

 limestone nearly white, containing no fossils, of irregular thick- 

 2iess, and smooth, like pr,essed clay, on its upper surface. Above 



