102 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [Vol. vi. 



Glacial grooves may also be seen crossing a narrow valley at the 

 head of Mill Cove, Pisarinco, at a wide angle. Such instances 

 might be multiplied. On the whole the phenomena of striation 

 in this region seem more readily explicable upon Prof. Dana's 

 theory of local glaciers under a general continental glacier, than 

 any other. 



Boulder Clay. — To the grinding power of ice and the dis- 

 integrating effects of frost during the long ages of the glacial 

 period, are generally attributed the masses of clay and sand with 

 imbedded stones and fragments of rock which compose the Boulder- 

 clay. This formation is always found in countries where the 

 surfaces of the rocks are extensively striated, and is not stratified. 

 In general the stones of the Boulder-clay in New Brunswick 

 have not been moved far from the spot where they occur in situ. 



The following are some of the most erratic movements of sur- 

 face blocks noticed by Prof. Bailey. A striated pebble of the 

 "Woodstock iron ore found near the University buildings, Freder- 

 icton : at Bradford's Cove on the St. Croix river (and also on 

 Grand Manan island in the Bay of Fundy, G. F. M.) stones con- 

 taining large coarse spirifers and other fossils of Devonian age ; 

 these are probably from the belt of Oriskany sandstone in 

 Northern Maine, as the rock has not been met with in New 

 Brunswick : a few miles north of St. Stephens, Prof Bailey and 

 Dr. Sterry Hunt met with a large boulder of labradorite similar 

 to the rocks of this nature which occur in large masses on the north 

 shore of the St. Lawrence in Quebec. — I may add that in the drift 

 covering the granite hills of the Nerepis range comparatively few 

 boulders derived from a distant source are to be seen, the debris 

 of the Boulder-clay in this region having been swept across a 

 low undulating country of slate, shale and sandstone. Great 

 numbers of fragments of these rocks have been pushed up from 

 the low-lying valley of the South Branch Oromocto river to the 

 summit of these hills, where they are mingled with numberless 

 boulders of granite derived from the surrounding ledges. Here 

 there are a few well rounded masses of grey granite mingled with 

 fragments of the red and tawny granite of which the hills are 

 composed. At the western end of the range the grey granite 

 blocks are quite abundant and closely resemble the coarsely por- 

 phyritic granite on the north side of the ijoal field at Pokioc 

 river and elsewhere. Along the southern side of the Nerepis 

 granite hills there is a belt of land a few miles in width covered 



