No. 1.] GEOLOGICAL SIJRYEY OF CANADA. 73 



readied at a depth of 230 feet,* after which 350 feet of white 

 and gray limestone had been penetrated up to August 22, 1868. 

 The subsequent record is incomplete, but beneath the limestones 

 were encountered several hundred feet of red shales, and the 

 boring was finally abandoned at a depth of 1,251 feet from the 

 surface. Another well also was sunk last year at Port Elgin, five 

 miles below Southampton, on the coast, and the boring in Novem- 

 ber last, had attained a depth of 890 feet, and was still going on 

 in the red shales. In this connection may be noticed a well which 

 was sunk in 1867, at the village of Waterloo, about eighty miles 

 to the south-east of Port Elgin, but in the same geological posi- 

 tion, that is to say near the base of the Onondaga formation, and 

 was abandoned at the depth of 1,120 feet. The record of the 

 boring was as follows : 



Superficial clays and gravels f 130 Feet. 



Limestone 40 % 



G3''psum 17 I 77 



Shale 20 . 



Limestone, gray and white 340 



Blue shale 114 



Red shale 459 



1120 



At this depth the well was abandoned ; bitter saline waters 

 were met with at depths of 800 and 900 feet, and were probably 

 similar to the bitter water found at St. Catherines at the same 

 geological horizon. In the Report for 1866, on-pages 271, 272, 

 the waters of this class are noticed, and their unfitness for the 

 manufacture of salt pointed out. The 77 feet of limestone, gyp- 

 sum and shale in the Waterloo section belong to the base of the 

 Onondaga, or salt-bearing series, beneath which no valuable brines 



* The account of this portion of the boring is as follows : 



Gravel and sand, with trunJiS of trees at the base. . 23| Feet. 



Hard-pan and boulders 36 



Blue clay 5 



Coarse sand and gravel 16 



Hard-pan and boulders 4^ 



Soft marly beds 50 



Blue clay with boulders 67 



Hard-pan and boulders, with gravel 28 



230 



t For a notice of the superficial deposits of this region, see the 

 Geology of Canada, page 897. 



