162 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [June 



of determining the amount of carbonate of soda. For some remarks 

 on the earthy carbonates of the waters, and on their relation to the 

 results of analysis, see part III of this paper. 



The date at which the various waters were collected for analysis 

 is in each case appended to the notice of the spring. This is of the 

 greater importance, inasmuch as it will be shown that in the course 

 of years, some of those springs here described have suffered con- 

 siderable changes in their composition. 



§ 36. In the following table are given the analyses of several 

 waters belonging to the first class, as defined in § 34.* 



1. — This water is from a well thirty feet in depth, near the village 

 of Ancaster, on the western shore of Lake Ontario. It is sunk, 

 in the Niagara formation ; but like the other waters of this class, 

 probably has its source in the Lower Silurian limestones. The 

 water rises nearly to the surface, but there is no perceptible dis- 

 charge. Its temperature was found to be 48° F. when collected 

 for analysis in September 1847. 



2. This water is from a copious spring which issues from the 

 limestones of the Trenton group at Whitby, on the north shore of 

 Lake Ontario. It contained small portions of baryta and strontia, 

 and was collected in October 1853. 



3, 4. Several wells have been sunk in the Trenton limestone 

 in the township of Hallowell, on the Bay of Quinte, Lake On- 

 tario, in search of brine for salt-making, and have yielded bitter 

 saline waters, of which the two here noticed are examples. No. 3- 

 was obtained from a well twenty-seven feet deep, in October 1853. 

 No. 4 was taken in the summer of 1854 from a well a mile or two 

 distant from the last. Neither of these waters was examined for 

 baryta or strontia. 



5, 6. At St. Catherines, near Niagara Falls, a boring of 

 five inches in diameter was carried to a depth of about 500 feet, 

 and after traversing the Medina formation, is said to have 

 penetrated fifty or sixty feet into the Hudson River shales. It 

 yields about twenty gallons a minute of a saline water, whose analy- 

 sis by Professor Croft of the University of Toronto, a few years 

 since, afforded the results given under 5. This water, which was 



* Of the thirty-seven analyses of waters here given, ten have already 

 appeared in Silliinan's Journal [2] viii, ix, xi, but for the purposes of 

 comparison it is thought well to reproduce them in the present con- 

 nection. Of the others, the greater part have appeared in the Geology of 

 Canada, but several are now for the Hrst time in print. 



