1865.] BRITISH ASSOCIATION. 67 



was now under water, and we were frequently obliged to ascend 

 the steep mountain-side, when the accumulations of drift-wood 

 barred the passage along the shore. Numerous mishaps occurred, 

 the horses perversely going out into deep water, and floating about, 

 to the great detriment of flour and pemmican. Two rolled down 

 the mountain side, and had to be unpacked, and their loads carried 

 up to enable them to re-ascend. We found no place to rest during 

 the day ; and when night came on we had not reached the end of 

 the lake, and were obliged to camp in a bare sandpit, without any 

 feeding-ground for our weary animals, who ranged restlessly to 

 and fro until the morning. The road continued almost as difficult 

 all along the valley of the Fraser, and at one point was a narrow 

 ledge of a few inches along the face of a cliff of crumbling slate, 

 rising perpendicularly a tremendous height above us, and a steep 

 descent of above two hundred feet to the river below. On the 

 fourteenth we crossed a great number of small streams, many 

 probably mouths of the Moose River, an important tributary of the 

 Fraser flowing from the north. This grand fork of the Fraser is 

 at the foot of a very high mountain, which has received the name of 

 Kobson's Peak (and is the original Tete Jaune Cache), so named 

 from being the spot chosen by us. After journeying thus, meeting 

 greater difficulties still, the travellers left the Cache and kept 

 the emigrants' trail, which they followed into the dense forests 

 until it came to an end at a place where there had been two large 

 camps, and where, from all they saw about them, they concluded 

 that the whole band of emigrants had given up in despair the 

 idea of cutting through forests so dense and encumbered, and had 

 built large rafts, in order to drop down the river to Kamloops. 

 This plan our travellers had no means of following, and after diffi- 

 culties and disasters which the paper describes, they at length man- 

 aged again to come on a trail, and were soon after encouraged by 

 hearing a crow, a sure sign of more open country, and eventually 

 they reached Kamloops. The paper concludes as follows : — 



In conclusion, I must venture a few general observations upon 

 the nature of the country through which we passed, from Fort 

 Edmonton, on the eastern side, to Kamloops on the west of the 

 mountains, with regard to the practicability of a road or a railway 

 being taken across by that point. Our party being, I believe, the 

 only one which has passed through this region entirely by land, the 

 testimony has some value, as being all that is known of a very 

 considerable portion of the distance. In the first place, I may 



