1865.] GEOLOGY OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 239 



arcls the sea it would not only bring with it the materials it tore off 

 the rocks over which it was passing, but it would also score and 

 polish the rocks themselves. At that period the valley of the Sain^ 

 John was probably, but not necessarily, filled with drift. The gla- 

 cial mass passed over it towards the sea, scratching and polishing 

 the rocks during its slow but irresistible journey. Approaching the 

 sea it would probably split into tongues, chiefly on account of its 

 moving eccentrically, and thus covering a larger area owing to 

 the figure of the earth ; and by reason of climate these tongues 

 would reach the sea as ice rivers, in process of time excavating for 

 themselves deeper channels, which ultimately became ' Fiords ' 

 or deep bays where the glaciers ' calved,' to use the term com- 

 monly employed in Greenland, and gave off their icebergs. An 

 inland glacier having, as it were, once established itself in any 

 determinate geographical position, would, in process of time, assis- 

 ted by its own glacial river, wear out a lake-basin.* 



Prof. Bailey and Mr. Matthew have worked out with much 

 labor and success the complicated geology of the rocks in the vicinity 

 of St. John, and have ascertained the fact that these include repre- 

 sentatives of the Lowest Silurian beds, and probably of the Lau- 

 rentian and Huronian. We shall give in our next number their 

 account of the oldest fauna found in that neighborhood. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



A new American Silkworm. — After numerous experiments, 

 Mr. L. Trouvelot, of Medford, Mass., U.S., has succeeded in rearing 

 successfully, and in great numbers, Attacus PoJypliemus, Linn., and 

 in preparing from its cocoon an excellent quality of silk, possessing 



present day in Baffin's Bay and Davis' Straits." " As we advance north- 

 wards along the coast of west Greenland, and thus diminish the annual 

 mean temperature both of the sea and of the atmosphere, we find the 

 glacier appoaches nearer and nearer the coast line, until in Melville Bay 

 latitude 75°, it presents to the sea one continuous wall of ice, unbroken 

 by land, for a spaee of probably seventy or eighty miles. — Dr. Suther- 

 land, on the Geological and Glacial Phcenomena of the Coasts of Davis' 

 Straits and Baffin's Bay.— Proceedings of the Geological Society,1853. 



* See Professor Ramsay's paper " On the Glacial Origin of Lakes''. — 

 Journal of the Geological Society, August, 1862. 



