1865.] BRITISH ASSOCIATION. 343 



ish Association and the Royal Society, acting in concert, have been 

 intent. First, we had reports on the mathematical theory and 

 experimental researches of magnetism by Christie, 1833, Whewell, 

 1835, and Sabine, 1835; — afterwards a magnetic survey of the 

 British Islands (z) ; then, the establishment of a complete obser- 

 vatory at Dublin, with newly arranged instruments, by Dr. Lloyd> 

 in 1838. On all this gathered experience we founded a memorial 

 to her Majesty's Government, made a grant of £400 from our 

 funds for preliminary expenses, and presented to the meeting of 

 this Association in Birmingham, in 1839, a report of progress, 

 signed by Herschel and Lloyd. From that time how great the 

 labor, how inestimable the fruits ! Boss sails to the magnetic 

 pole of the south ; America and Bussia co-operate with our obser- 

 vers at Kew, Toronto, and St. Helena ; and General Sabine, by 

 combining all this united labor, has the happiness of seeing 

 results established of which no man dreamed — laws of harmonious 

 variation affecting the magnetic elements of the globe, in definite 

 relation to the earth's movement, the position of the sun and 

 moon, the distribution of temperature, and the situation in latitude 

 and longitude (aa). 



Our efforts have not been fruitless, whether with Mr. Mallet 

 we make experiments on artificial earth-shocks at Dalkey, or survey 

 the devastations round Vesuvius, or tabulate the records of earth- 

 quakes since the beginning of history (bb) ; or establish the Kew 

 Observatory as a scientific workshop where new instruments of 

 research are made and proved and set to work (cc) ; or dredge the 

 sea with Forbes, and Brady, and Jeffreys (dd) ; or catalogue the 



(z) The survey was begun in Ireland in 1835, by Lloyd, Sabine, and 

 Ross; and completed in England, "Wales, and Scotland, in 1837, by the 

 same magneticians, assisted by Fox and Phillips. It was repeated in • 

 1857 and following years by Sabine, Lloyd, Welsh, Haughton, Galbraith, 

 and Stoney. 



(aa) Trans, of the Royal Society for many years ; Reports of the British 

 Association, 1840 and following years ; Rede Lecture, 1862. 



(66) British Association Reports ; Experiments at Dalkey, 1853 ; 

 Report on Earthquakes, 1840-1858. See also the excellent communica- 

 tions of M. Perrey to the Memoirs of the Academy of Dijon. 



(cc) The Kew Observatory became a part of the system of the Asso- 

 ciation in 1842. 



(dd) See reports of the Dredging Committees from 1842 to 1864; 

 Nat. Hist. Trans, of Northumberland and Durham ; Jeffrey's British 

 Conchology. 



