1870.] BELL — PLANTS OF NEWFOUNDLAND. 57 



At about fourteen miles from the mouth of the Great Cod Roy 

 River some of the party went four or five miles south to the summit 

 of the mountain range running east and west. At first our course 

 lay through a hardwood bush and over several little streams, 

 whose banks showed that they had been raging torrents earlier in 

 the spring. In this bush I got the Spring Beauty (^Chytonia 

 Cciroliniana), and a Galium with four broad leaves and little 

 white flowers. As we ascended the damp, chilly mountain side, 

 the trees became smaller, and the white birch and fir trees more 

 numerous, until near the top nothing remained but stunted 

 spruces, with trunks not thicker than a man's arm, but as hard 

 as horn and probably as old as their taller brothers below. In 

 some places these dwarfs were growing so closely together, and 

 their tops had become so flattened and matted with the weight of 

 snow in winter, that I actually walked for a considerable distance 

 upon them like on an elevated pavement. The very top of the 

 mountain presented a bare, desolate appearance. Large patches 

 of snow twenty or thirty feet deep remained in the shaded 

 depressions, while others were filled with boggy lakes, on the 

 little islands in which the sea gulls seemed to have their nests, 

 from the wild manner in which these birds screamed and flew 

 around as we approached the ponds. In some places the gneiss 

 rocks were broken and bare, in others covered with lichens, 

 mosses and heaths. Among these I found the Bearberry Willow 

 {Salix uva-2(,rsi), the Alpine Bearberry {Arctostaphylos alpina), 

 with the Phyllodoce (P. taxifolia), and other heaths already 

 mentioned. 



On returning to the schooner, a botanical survey of the little 

 island of Cod Roy was rewarded by the discovery that the 

 Cornus Suecica grew everywhere in profusion with its Canadian 

 sister. This Cornus I afterwards found to be quite as common 

 as the Canadian bunchberry all along the western Newfoundland 

 coast, and on the north shore nearly as far west as Pointe des 

 Monts. The other plants worthy of note on the island were the 

 Fall Dandelion (^Leonfodon antumnalc), the common Am.;rican 

 Cranberry {Vaccinium macrocarpon) , the Wood- Rush (Luzula 

 campestris) , the Cloudberry {Rubus chamcemonis), the Mountain 

 Cinquefoil, and a variety of the beach pea, so downy with short 

 soft hairs as to look almosi glaucous. 



During the 11th and 12th July we ran up to Long Point, 

 north of Cape St. George. In a boggy meadow near the end of 



