1870.] BELL — PLANTS OP NEWFOUNDLAND. 55 



no entrance, but upon coming closer to the shore we found a deep 

 narrow channel at the end of a long tongue of sand and gravel 

 enclosing a lake or broad expanse of river, which at the time of 

 our arrival was literally covered with gulls. Near this lake was 

 a swamp overgrown with hoary alders, in and around which I 

 found the Marsh Marigold (^Caltlia pahistris), Spotted Touch- 

 me-not (^Impatiens fulva). Great Water and Curled Docks 

 (^Riimex hydrolapathum et crispiis), Hemp-Nettle (^Galeopsis 

 tetrahit), Chickweed (^SteUaria media), two Plantains (^Plantago 

 major et Virginlca), Thyme-leaved Speedwell (^Veronica serpyUi- 

 folia), with some Clovers and Bedstraws. 



After ascending the river for a short distance, we stopped on 

 the north shore, at the house of a settler named James Ryan, in 

 whose garden I was surprised to find a great variety of cultivated 

 vegetables and flowers. At this place I found vegetation to be 

 about a fortnight in advance of what it was in St. George's Bay, 

 doubtless the result of its more sheltered position and southern 

 exposure. With his great variety of flowers and vegetables 

 Kyan had also imported a great variety of European weeds, for 

 at no place on the coast did I observe so many vegetable pests as 

 at this settlement. Some of his cultivated and pasture fields 

 presented as many imported weeds as those of some of the older 

 farms of Canada. The Yellow-Rattle (^Rliinanthus crista-galli), 

 that pest of the maritime provinces, grew everywhere, and Ryan 

 complained that it killed out all kinds of grass. It was accom- 

 panied by the Heal-all (Bninella vulgaris), the common Dande- 

 lion (^Taraxacum dens-leonis) , and Canada Thistle (^Cirsium 

 arvense), which did not confine itself to places under culti- 

 vation. 



Along a boggy rill were growing, in flower, the American Brook- 

 lime ( Veronica Americana), the bristly and creeping Crowfoots 

 (^Ranunculus Pennsylvanicus et repens), Canadian Burnet (Sangui- 

 sorba Canadensis), Bound-leaved Dogwood (^Cornus circinata), 

 with other herbs and bushes already mentioned in my former 

 paper. The view from this place was magnificent. The river, 

 like a long narrow lake, lay below the house and stretched away 

 inland, here and there dotted with boats and salmon nets, or in- 

 tersected by points on which were settlers' houses and out-build- 

 ings, whose sides and shingled roofs seemed like marble in the 

 glistening rays of the sun, while separated .from the river by a 

 strip of low wooded laud, towered up the high, deep-gullied 



