10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.63 



square, length about three-fifths of eye. Interorbital level. Dis- 

 tinct ridge from behind and above eye to shoulder. Gill-opening 

 extends forward nearly to front eye edge. Gill-rakers 12-f 28. lanceo- 

 late, about three-fourths of filaments, which are 1^ in eye. Isthmus 

 narrow frenum. Scales moderately exposed. Small scales on caudal 

 base, and if present? on dorsal and anal, now fallen. Scales with 1 

 to 5 rather short marginal radii, circuli not complete and moderate. 

 Dorsal inserted much nearer ventral origin than caudal base. Anal 

 shiiilar, opposite. Caudal (damaged) apparently forked? Pec- 

 toral small, rather high, about 2 in head. Ventral inserted about 

 midway between gill-opening above and caudal base, fin 3 in head 

 or 2-^ to anal. Vent close before anal. 



Color in alcohol: Dark or dusky (evidently discolored). Narrow 

 pale line, likely silvery-white when fresh, from shoulder to caudal 

 base medially and expended about equal to pupil width between 

 dorsal and anal. Fins brown. 



Length, 185 mm. (caudal tip damaged). 



Tijpe.— Cat. No. 83286, U.S.N.M. Rio Janeiro, Brazil. Wilkes 

 Exploring Expedition. 



This species differs from any in the genus we have examined in 

 the increased gill-rakers. H. hronei Ribeiro ^ has fewer scales (56) 

 and its gill-rakers are not known. 



(Named for Rio Janeiro, early known as San Salvador.) 



STRONGYLURA TAHITIENSIS, new species. 



Head 5^; depth 1^ in postocular; D. ii, 14; A. ii, 17; P. I, 11; V. i, 

 5 ; scales 315 from shoulder to caudal base medially and 15 more on 

 latter; 206 predorsal scales to head; end of frontal process 3f in rest 

 of head posteriorly ; snout width 1^ in frontal process to eye ; eye 2f 

 in postocular ; interorbital 2} ; combined eye and postocular at least 2 

 in beak (broken). Body partly cylindrical, rather broad above. 

 Caudal peduncle, and body between dorsal and anal, depressed, 

 least depth 3 in its length or 1-| in eye. Head with flattened sides 

 moderately convergent below, width If in postocular. Jaws slender, 

 depressed. Eye close to upper profile, ellipsoid. Maxillary nearly 

 reaches pupil, only upper half concealed. Band of outer teeth 

 sharply pointed, small and a series of well spaced larger inner ones. 

 Triangular nasal cavity long as pupil. Interorbital level, with 

 slight though broad shallow median depression and bony surface 

 with many rather deep-set parallel grooves or lines. Gill-opening 

 forward nearly to front pupil edge. Gill-filaments If in eye. 

 Scales adherent, narrowly imbricated, circuli 38 to 42, usually in- 

 complete above and below, sometimes only one or a few of central 



'Ann. Mus. Rio Janeiro, vol. 17, 1915, p. 3, Iguape, Brazil. 



