AR'i. 19. NEW SPECIES OF FISHES — FOWLER AND BEAN. 3 



damaged) to ventral, or slightly beyond dorsal origin. Ventral in- 

 serted nearly midway between mandible tip and last anal ray base, 

 about one-third (tip damaged) to anal. 



Color in alcohol with back above dull olivaceous. Sides, iris, and 

 lower surface pale brassy. Fins all pale. 



Length 105 mm. (caudal tips damaged). 



Type.—^o. 83156, U.S.N.M., from Callao, Peru, Wilkes Exploring 

 Expedition. Only the type known. This species is closely allied with 

 Clupea thi^issina Jordan and Gilbert, but that is described witli a 

 dark humeral spot, certainly not evident in our example. 



(Named for Peru.) 



WiLKESlNA, new subgenus. 



Type. — Harengula ftjiense^ ncAv species. 



Distinguished from subgenus Harengula by the very numerous 

 and fine 'gill-rakes, which are 70 on the lower arch. 



Harengula nymphaea Richardson from China and the species de- 

 scribed below form this group. 



(For Admiral Charles Wilkes, U. S. N,, the distinguished com- 

 mander of the U. S. Exploring Expedition 1839-1842.) 



HARENGULA FIJIENSE, new species. 



Head, 3i; depth, 3f ; D. iv. 13, 1; A. ii, 17; P. i, 14; V. i, 7; scales, 

 39 in median lateral series to caudal base and 3 more on latter; 11 

 scales transversely at dorsal origin; 16 predorsal scales; head width, 

 2| in its length; head depth, If; length of depressed dorsal. If; length 

 of depressed anal, li}; least depth of caudal peduncle, 2f ; snout 4 in 

 head from upper jaw tip; eye, 3^; maxillary, 2^; interorbital, 4i; 

 serrae, 14+12. 



Body well compressed, with ellipsoid contour, deepest about ventral 

 origin, and edges trenchant. Caudal peduncle well compressed, 

 length about three-fourths its least depth. 



Head moderate, compressed, profile pointed, flattened, sides con- 

 vergent below. Snout long as wide. Eye long as snout, advanced 

 or hind pupil edge about midway in head length. Adipose eyelid 

 moderate. Mouth small, lower jaw protruding and rami well ele- 

 vated inside of mouth. Maxillary reaches first third in eye; ex- 

 pansion 1 J- in eye. No teeth. Nostril about midway in snout length. 

 Interorbital level. Opercle smooth, only obsolete short impressions 

 of radiating striae. Cheeks with more distinct lines radiating or 

 slotting forward. 



(Jill-opening extends forward opposite front eye edge. Gill- 

 rakers about 50+70, finely lanceolate, longer than filaments or f of 

 eye. Pseudobranchiae long as or little longer than gill-filaments. 



