ELISHA MITCHELL SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY: 95 



Kinuf's Mountain, Crowder's Mountain, and the hills 

 to the north on the old Lincolnton road, are the western 

 members of a southward plunging syncline while the 

 hills to the east of H'.gh Shoals, Dallas ami Gastonia, 

 are the eastern members, the same hard crest making 

 the crest of them all. On the eastern side of the 

 s^^ncline the dip to the west is not great, averaging not 

 more than fifteen degrees; while the eastward dip on 

 the King's Mountain side is usualh' between thirty 

 degrees and forty-five degrees. The eastern hills are 

 low, rising very little above the surrounding country, 

 which varies little from nine hundred feet above tide, 

 and they show none of the topographic features so 

 prominent on the western side, where King's Mountain 

 rises to a height of 1692 feet, and Crowder's Mountain 

 1606 feet. The level of nine hundred feet is a base- 

 level of erosion, clearly marked, and extending entirely 

 across the State, from north to south, and just above 

 " the fall-line " to the base of the Blue Ridge moun- 

 tains. 



The evidences of wave action upon and at the base 

 of these cliffs is clear and unmistakable. They con- 

 sist of sea-caves, pinnacled rocks — man}- of the Devil's 

 Pulpit type — washed-out dykes, crevices of the spout- 

 ing horn sort, below which ma}' even yet be made out 

 the old beaches which lav below the cliffs. These 

 wave-markings are shown in the photographs of va- 

 rious portions of King's and Crowder's mountains. 

 These features are nearly all on the west side, the side 

 awav from the dip. The best marked of these old 

 sea-benches varies little from 1400 feet above sea-level. 

 The next one that can be made out distinctly at all 

 points is about 1000 feet above sea. 



I then made a search for the frag-mental material that 



