174 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 8S 



Longinos Navas has published on material in the Heude Museum at 

 Shanghai, and the Museum of Comparative Zoology has acquired 

 a large collection from southeastern China and Hainan. With this 

 material it is seen that many of the peculiar genera of western China 

 also occur in the east, although not so abundantly, and in the east 

 there is more infusion of the Malaysian fauna. The species, however, 

 of western China are usually different from those of the eastern, less 

 mountainous part. 



It has been extremely interesting to me to discover that there is 

 a true Himalayan fauna, utterly different from the European, from 

 the Mediterranean, and from the American, either North or South, 

 a fauna that spreads south into at least upper India (not to Ceylon), 

 down the Malay Peninsula, and often to some of the Sunda Islands, 

 eastward over China, Burma, Siam, Indochina, and even to Japan 

 and Formosa. 



Characteristic genera are Neopanorpa^ Limnocentro'pus^ Euhasil- 

 lissa, Pseudostenophylax, Nothopsyche, Stenopsyche^ Himalopsyche, 

 Kamimtirla, NogiperJa^ Glaa-ssenia^ Neochauliodes^ Neuromus^ Pro- 

 tohemies^ Neuronema, and Epicanthaclisis. No insect fauna is en- 

 tirely endemic as to genera, so here there are representatives of insect 

 faunas characteristic of other regions. The weakness of the Holarctic 

 fauna in Szechwan is greater than one expects from its location, and 

 few of the genera present are represented by more than two or three 

 species. Of the Holarctic genera Panorpa^ Rhyax;ophila^ Glossosoma, 

 Arctopsyche, Philopotamus, Limnephilus^ Glyphotaelius^ Platyphylax., 

 and Sialis occur in both North America and Europe. Of European 

 genera in Szechwan there are Euroleon^ Deutoleon^ Osmylus^ and 

 Marthamea^ each of few species. 



Of American genera in Szechwan (not at present in Europe) there 

 are Peltoperla, Togoperla, Potamyia^ Psilotreta^ Acroneuria, and 

 Halesinus (near Neophylax). 



Of Holarctic genera, but practically world wide, there are Chry- 

 sopa^ Hemerohius^ Hydropsyche^ and Goera. 



One European species of Chrysopa occurs also in Szechwan, but 

 most of the species are not closely related to European ; one is common 

 in Japan. Several of the American genera occur also in Japan. So 

 there is little evidence whether these Holarctic elements in Szechwan 

 came from America or from Europe. 



Of typical Mediterranean genera there is no evidence (so far) in 

 Szechwan, although many occur in Turkestan, southern Siberia, 

 northern China, and Japan; such are Ascalaphus, Lopezus^ MyvTne- 

 caeluTus^ Dilar^ and RapMdia; the last two genera are doubtless older 

 than the Mediterranean fauna, although now chiefly represented 

 there ; both, however, occur in America and elsewhere. 



