TREMATODES EROM FISHES — LINTON 155 



One of these trematodes after removal from its cyst measured 40 

 by 28 by 24 mm. 



Family HETEROPHYIDAE Odhner, 1914 

 Genus CRYPTOCOTYLE Liihe, 1899 



CRYPTOCOTYLE LINGUA (Creplin) 



Cryptocotyle lingua (Creplin), Ryder, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1884, pp. 37-42, 

 1884.— Linton, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1899, pp. 281, 296, pi. 40, figs. 76-81, 

 1900 ; ibid., pp. 462, 463, fig. 318, 1901.— Ransom, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 57, 

 pp. 544-548, 1920.— Linton, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 73, art. 1, pp. 19-20, 

 1928. — Stunkabd and Wuxy, Amer. Journ. Trop. Med., vol. 9, pp. 117-128, 

 6 figs., 1929.— Stunkabd, Journ. Morph. and Physiol., vol. 50, pp. 143-191, 

 pis. 1-A, 1980. 

 Dermocystis ctenolabri Stafford, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 682, 1905. 

 Tocotrema litigua (Creplin), Linton, Journ. Parasit., vol. 1, pp. 128-134, 3 figs., 

 1915. 

 The following record of distomes encysted in the skin of Woods 

 Hole fishes is compiled from notes made on various occasions from 

 1903 to 1927. Many of the notes were made while small fishes were 

 being examined for their food, and are, consequently, difficult to 

 reduce to a tabular form. Also, since it was not always possible to 

 give exact numbers, approximations are marked with a plus-or-minus 

 sign in the tabular summary. 



In some cases these cysts occur in great numbers. Thus, a window- 

 pane {Lophopsetta maculata) 32 cm. in length and 24 cm. in breadth, 

 was examined for cysts on July 14, 1924, and the following note 

 made: The entire surface, including the fins, was densely and uni- 

 formly peppered with encysted distomes, with the usual accompany- 

 ing pigmentation; several on corneas of eyes; mouth, pharynx, and 

 gills thickly beset with them. Counts were made at different places 

 on the surface and it was found that 50 per square centimeter would 

 be a conservative estimate of the degree of infection. The number of 

 cysts on the surface, not including the mouth, pharyngeal and gill 

 regions, according to this estimate would be about 76,800. 



These cysts are very common on the tautog ( Tautoga onitis) . Thus, 

 in 1908, 97 tautogs, from 8.5 to 34 cm. in length, were examined on 

 16 dates, from July 23 to September 3. Only an occasional fish was 

 noted on which cysts were not present on the fins, and in most cases 

 on the sides. Occasionally one is recorded as having large numbers 

 of cysts. Thus, one seined at the Weepeckets, August 4, length 27 

 centimeters, had approximately 75 cysts on each eye. Eleven scales 

 taken at random from the sides had an average of 10.2 cysts 

 per scale, ranging from to 13 mm. 



The cunner {TautogoldbTus adspersus) is probably more generally 

 infested by this parasite (U.S.N.M. No. 8393) than any of the Woods 

 Hole fishes, with the possible exception of the tautog. 



