110 JOURNAL OF THE 



to the weak, watery and indefinite colors hitherto employed in our conntry 

 and England, whose difficulty of discrimination and early fading aro certainly 

 very olsjectionahle features. 



The expenses incurred in conclueting the .survey were borue by 

 Lieber out of the annual appropriation of |3.000 for the ''sal- 

 ary'' of the geologist; and the total cost of carrying on the sur- 

 vey (including the salary of the geologist) during the four years 

 and three months of its existence amounted to the sum of $12,750. 



The personnel of the Lieber survey can be briefly stated, ^o 

 provision was made in the establishing act or in the appropria- 

 tions for the employment of assistants on the survey; and in 

 reality the survey was conducted by Lieber himself, working 

 alone during the larger part of the time. I have found mention of 

 only two persons who rendered him professional assistance, as 

 follows: 



During a portion of the year 1856, Mr. Abraham Hardin, at 

 Lieber's request, made a "geodetic survey" of the itacolumite 

 region of York and Spartanburg counties.* 



Lieber has left on record the following note concerning the 

 assistance rendered lu'm by Mr. J. Friedeman during a portion 

 of the year 1856 if 



To J. Friedeman, Esq., I am, however, certainly most indebted, as he kindly 

 accompanied me throughout the main portion of the field duties, which the 

 great heat of last summer rendered more arduous perhaps than might be 

 expected in other years. Mr, Friedeman's thorough knowledge of mining 

 engineering, and mining geognosy — a fact which his having passed through 

 the whole course of tuition, practical and theoretical, at the far-famed mining 

 school of Clausthal, and elsewhere in Germany, would of itself insure — and his 

 extensive experience in the mines of North Carolina, specially in the talcose 

 slate mines, were of the greatest value in the investigation of the analogous 

 occurrences of metals in our State. It would be difficult and, indeed, scarcely 

 possible to distinguish his labors from my own since he attached himself to the 

 survey, and I am under still greater obligations to him as his valuable services 

 were gratuitously rendered, a fact which was unfortunately made necessary on 

 account of the inconsiderabla amount of the appropriation and the necessary 

 outfit expenses which, of course, fell somewhat heavily upon the first year. 



*LieVjcr's First Annual Report, Survey of S. C, 1856, p. 23. I have no information as to 

 the exact annount of time devoted to ttiis work by Mr. Hardin. It is presumed that he 

 was paid for liis services by Mr. Lieber. See Biographical Notes, p. 115. 



jFirst Annual Report, S. C. Survey, 185(i, p. 4. I have no further information concern- 

 ing Mr. Friedeman,s career. 



