ELISHA MITCHELL SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY. 99 



ural work to it. Hence I have considered it more appropriate 

 to treat of these as two difFerej)t surveys, liavin^ different ol)je('ts 

 in view, notwithstanding the fact that legally one was a continu- 

 ation of the other. 



This diiference between the two surveys grew naturally out of 

 the difference between the surveyors. Mr. Ruffin was a planter 

 whose ambition was to improve the agricultural condition of the 

 country by the introduction of better methods, and especially by 

 the use of calcareous manures. Mr. Tuomey, on the other hand, 

 was by profession a geologist and possessed also a fairly good 

 knowledge of chemistry and botany. In his first Report on the 

 Geological and Agricultural Survey of the State* he signs himself 

 "Geological Surveyor''; and his work during this first year's 

 connection with the survey was devoted to the examination 

 mainly of the general and mining geology of the Piedmont 

 region of the State. 



In his Report of 1846t he gives the following statement of the 

 objects of the survey : 



In the renewal of my commission, by his Excellency, Gov. Aiken, in 

 1844, I was directed to make a Geological and Agricultural Survey of the 

 State. Such a survey, as it is at present to be understood, includes the fol- 

 h)wing objects. 



1. The determination and description of the various minerals and rocks of 

 the State. 



2. Their examination as to extent and relation to each other in their order 

 of superposition, as well as their influence upon the physical features of the 

 Slate. 



3. The discovery of metallic veins, and beds of other useful substances, such 

 as lime, rock, marl, etc., that they may contain. 



4. Tiie relations of the rocks to soils, and their chemical examination, to a 

 certain extent. 



5. The pointing out of such improvements in mining and metallurgy, as 

 may be thought useful to those engaged in those operations. 



Concerning the methods of operation followed by Mr. Tuo- 

 mey in the prosecution of the survey, there is very little informa- 

 tion to be had. But the following extract from his letter to 



*Columbia, 1844. 



TGeol. of S. C, Columbia, 1848, p. II. 



