98 JOURNAL OF THE 



It must be admitted that the use of marl among the planters 

 of the State has of late years been largely discontinued, owing 

 to the cheapening of lime and the wide-spread use of phosphates 

 and other concentrated conimercial fertilizers, and further that the 

 use of marl by many planters in years immediately following 

 Mr. Ruffin's work proved a disappointment ; but there can be but 

 little doubt that on the w4iole such use was beneficial when the 

 marl was judiciously applied. 



The entire expense of conducting the survey was borne by 

 Mr. Ruffin, the only appropriation made by the State being the 

 $2,000 referred to above. 



The publications of the survey consisted of a report of 175 

 pages submitted by Mr. Ruffin November 30, 1843, and pub- 

 lished by the State, and a supplemental report of seven pages sub- 

 mitted January 12, 1844, and published as a part of Tuomey^s 

 first report, 1844.* 



Tuomey's Geological and Agricultural Survey, 



1844-^47. 



When at the close of the year (1843) Mr. Ruffin resigned his 

 position as Agricultural Surveyor to the State, he recommended 

 as a suitable person to succeed him M. Tuomey, of Virginia. 

 Mr. Tuomey was accordingly appointed to this position by the 

 Governor (James H. Hammond) near the beginning of the next 

 year and began to discharge the duties of his office about the end 

 of February following (1844). 



From the account which follows it will be seen that, notwith- 

 standing the fact that the law under which Mr. Tuomey was 

 appointed was that authorizing an agricultural survey, upon 

 the assumption of his duties, and with the approval of the Gov- 

 ernor, he at once began a geological exploration of the Piedmont 

 region of the State, and that throughout the prosecution of the 

 work of the survey he regards the geological examination as the 

 more important j)art of his work and subordinates the agricult- 



*See Bibliography, p. 113. 



