28 TJic L(uii!;iiagcs of the Pacific. 



(loiihlc or second existence.'" In Maori we have the (hi])lication of 

 :».'(?/ in :^'ai:cai meaning "eneriiy," "intellectual f(n-ce."' The root / 

 ai)])ears also in the Polynesian io, "the sonl," and in the I lawaiian 

 10. realil\, truth. (4) The last exami)le I shall take is the word 

 ntnia. a house, which has heen almost driven out of Polynesian hy 

 the word wliarc, (flawaiian hale, Samcxm falc), i)rohahly hecause 

 it was the name or ])art of the name of some kint^ c^r chief and had 

 hecome tapit: we find it in Maori hiruiiia. an outhouse, in Tahitian 

 fai'ctiiniiiia, an out-house, and in Samoan Iiimii. a preposition mean- 

 ing- "in front of" ; this last shows the original sense of the w^ord 

 "space" : it was the space in front of a temple or a chief's house, 

 (wdience a cliief's breakfast was called Juuiaava, i. e. the drinking of 

 ai'a before his house) ; from this it came to be used for "in front of." 

 It goes away west, varying in form in both senses of "space" or 

 "cultivated plot" or "house." In Java iiina is an unirrigated rice 

 field in the mountains, wlfilst nnna means "a house." In Malekula in 

 the Newf Hebrides wdien they make a new garden in the forest it is 

 called nma: and right up the Malay peninsula into Assam "ituio" 

 is the name aj^plied to cutting a space in the forest by felling the 

 trees and burning the bush in order to sow seeds or plant tubers. 

 Now^ in English we have the word "room" meaning "space," (the 

 older sense), and "apartment," originally "house"; this in Gothic 

 was ntinas, free space, German Raum. Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon 

 riiiu : this meant originally "a space cut in the forest for cultivation" 

 as is seen in the Latin rns, "the open country". The first form w^as 

 rao, as is seen in German "Raiiiii." The derivation is from the root 

 I'll, to fell, cut down, seen in such words as Latin rnina, downfall, 

 and dinicrc, to pull down, and the affix ma. In Polynesian it is also 

 derived from the root ru, to strike, to shake, to scatter, and the most 

 common of all substantival affixes — uia. Whilst there exists also in 

 Polynesian the word raorao, meaning "an open space free from 

 trees," (Samoan) a part of the bush cleared for a plantation, ninw 

 does not exist in Sanskrit. 



These are specimens taken at random out of many hundreds, 

 if not thousands. With such wealth of affinity in the words and 

 roots, such similarity in the original range of sounds and in the 

 sound-laws between Polynesian and primeval Aryan, it is difficult 



ri61 



