The JAiiii:;iuiL!;cs of the Pacific. 27 



extent in his tliird volume, and though a percentage of his examples 

 are inaccurate because he has failed to get at the root of either the 

 Polynesian word or the European and so compared a root element 

 with a merely formative element, seventy-five per cent of his com- 

 parisons are on the wh(jle correct and even scientific. 1 have 

 hundreds of others: a few will suflice. (i) We all know the 

 Hawaiian word kiihiuui for a sorcerer or priest; it is in other 

 Polynesian dialects fahiiiiga or fohuiij^a or tauii^^:;a, and Paumotan 

 has tahntalin, a sorcerer; it is, like so many European words, and 

 still more Polynesian, influenced by two roots; one is /(/////, to 

 kindle, to make a burnt ofifering, from the root //;/, to shine, burn, 

 tapii, sacred; the other is tolin, to draw out, teach, prophesy, (Ainu 

 tusu, to prophesy, Latin diiccrc, to draw out, cdncarc, to teach). 

 There is a corresponding- word in the European tongue ; it is in 

 German Zaiibcr, a sorcerer, in Old Norse taiifr, in Old Saxon 

 fouferc: this is probably at first from a root Jiii to oiTer a sacrifice, 

 to perform a sacred service; this appears in Anglo-Saxon hiisl, an 

 ofifering', the origin of Hamlet's "uiihoitsclled, umiiiclcd," but the 

 prefix ta or to being added, the other function of a priest, that of 

 educating- drew in the influence of the root tiik, to guide, teach, 

 which we see in our word education. (2) Polynesian whafu, a 

 stone, has another form [^afii, to strike, the source of the Maori 

 patupatu, a club, a stone striker; this is evidently from pa, to strike, 

 and t\i, to be strong or stiiT. In the European languages there is the 

 word represented by English bat and batlet; the English battle and 

 combat are from the same, but through French from Lx)w Latin 

 i. e. Latinised Teutonic bafiiere, from batu, to strike, and that is 

 from the same two roots, ba, to strike, and /;/, strong. (3) The 

 Hawaiian awiki. to hasten (ec[ual to ■zciki ) ; this is from two roots, 

 77', to be quick, as in a-a'i-a'i, to hasten, and ki, to go. The French 

 T77r = (iuick and I'if, lively or alive. The English quick which 

 also means to be alive, is from a root z'i, to be alive, which appears 

 in Latin c'ii'cre and ki or kz'i. to hasten, to have energy. (Compare 

 root /, to go, Latin ire. ) This 77' or kvi or ki, to be strong, is 

 practically the same as vi or /, to live ; it appears as / in Tahitian 

 and Paumotan t'o/, to be, to exist, and in jNIaori toi, life; (compare 

 Latin (7r77////^English e-c'cr): this -c'ai appears in the Polynesian 

 word for spirit, soul, ghost, vairua, which properly means ''the 



[15] 



