Eiiiory — An Archaeological Snri'cy of Halcalcala 245 



walls were of rough, porous pieces of red, yellow, gray, and black 

 lava 6 to 18 inches in long diameter and 3 to 12 inches in short 

 diameter. The stones were from the immediate vicinity and assort- 

 ed by sizes. The walls were laid with admirable care. In many 

 places they bulged or curved inward a little, but were invariably 

 perpendicular. To build a wall of a single thickness of stone, loose 

 sand and gravel must have been raked in for support as the build- 

 ing was going on. The second structure appeared to be only a 

 supporting terrace. Excavation showed that the lowest terrace 

 was filled in with sand to about 2 feet from the surface, fol- 

 lowed by stones about 6 inches in diameter, which in turn were 

 covered with sand. 



The north dike which borders the series of five terraces has 

 a break near the end, one side of which appears to have once been 

 walled up and filled with sand. Dr. George Aiken of Wailuku, 

 Maui, reports that in this cavity he discovered ashes and a few 

 bones which were not human. 



The front wall of the little terrace under the northeast dike 

 (fig. 3. B ) is 4 feet long, 2 feet wide, and stands out from 

 the clifi^ 5 feet. The wall has a wing on each side extending out 

 2 feet which has held back the gravel from sliding onto the 

 space before the terrace. Against the cliff wall, 34 inches beneath 

 the surface of the terrace, a rib bone was found. After some 

 difficult excavation in sliding gravels, we found a skull, face down, 

 slightly turned to the south, and below this a smaller skull filled 

 with broken bones, and then a third very small skull and jaw. 

 Scattered bones were also found. The largest skull was that of a 

 man about sixty years of age who had lost during life most of his 

 molar and premolar teeth. The other skulls were those of a child 

 of four and a child of three years of age. All were of a pure 

 Hawaiian type. 



On the southeast slope stands a single terrace (PI. XXI, B, 

 and fig. 3, H ) examined by Mr. Aitken. Its situation is such that 

 only a front retaining wall 14 feet long and 3 feet 2 inches high 

 is necessary to make a platform 14 to 18 feet long and about 

 9 feet wide. The wall is very well laid and is nicely adjusted to 

 the curve of the natural ledge. The stones in the upper courses 

 are the size of a man's head and those in the lower courses twice 



[II] 



