The Dermaptera and Orthoptera of Hawaii 



By Morgan Hebard 



INTRODUCTION 



The acquisition of a collection of Dermaptera and Orthoptera 

 from Hawaii first directed our attention to the literature of that 

 region bearing on these orders. It was found that the earlier 

 literature comprised a paper by Bormans in 1882, one by Brunner 

 in 1895, and a number of scattered records and descriptions of new 

 species by various other authors. In 1899 Perkins published in the 

 Fauna Hawaiiensis a much more complete paper on the Dermap- 

 tera and Orthoptera of Hawaii than had previously been possible, 

 and in 1910 he published a supplement in the same series. Subse- 

 quent to Perkins's work, Swezey had published detailed and highly 

 commendable papers on several species found in Hawaii, and since 

 1905 frequent records and notes have appeared in the Proceedings 

 of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. 



It is unfortunate that many of the species, particularly among 

 the adventive forms, were originally very casually identified. On 

 this account a considerable number of species incorrectly appear in 

 the literature as occurring in Hawaii, the records being based on 

 species that are similar in certain features, but almost all very 

 readily distinguishable when compared with material of the forms 

 they were supposed to represent. In compiling the previous records, 

 Perkins was unable to make the necessary comparisons ; as a result 

 his work included a large proportion of the earlier errors. 



This situation gradually became clear to us, and we imme- 

 diately began to make eflr'orts to examine material of as large a 

 number of the Hawaiian species as possible. In this work the 

 material in the United States National Museum loaned by Mr. A. 

 N. Caudell was of much service, but the prompt and extensive 

 assistance furnished by that active and thorough worker, Mr. O. H. 

 Swezey, was invaluable. Largely through the aid of Mr. Swezey 



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