58 SAMUEL H. SCUDDEJJ ON THE SPREAD 



For although, as we hnve seen, it Avas ahiiiuhiiit at Sudl)ury in August, 1868, it was not 

 until the spring of 1870, to which year we now turn with some curiosity, that it was 

 recognized in the centre of Eastern Xew York, where two such entomologists 

 lived as Dr. Asa Fitch and Mr. J. A. Lintner. East Greenwich, where Dr. Fitch 

 resided, is almost halfway from Albany, Mr. Lintner's home, to Sudbury, Yt., yet in both 

 these ]S"ew York localities it appeared for the first recognized time in 1870, and then not 

 until midsinnmer. Under date of March 10, 1872, ]Mr. J. A. Lintner writes me in detail 

 regarding its ai)pearance this year: '^'I observed it here [Albany] for the first time on 

 July 24. Dr. Fitch i-e]:)orts it at his residence in East Greenwich, "Washington Co., tliirty- 

 two miles in a direct line E. of X. from Albany, on the 2d of August. On August (5, I 

 saw it quite numerous at Saratoga Springs, thirty miles north, and on the 8th at Glen, 

 Warren Co., sixty -five miles W. of jST. of Albany. During the month of July a large num- 

 bei- of the butterflies were seen at Crown Point and Westport on Lake Champlain, and at 

 the latter place [a short distance northwest of Sudbury, Yt.] the garden cabbages were 

 so utterly I'uined by the larvae that they were pulled u]^ and fed to cattle . . . Sept. 11, 

 I observed it alnindantly at Utiea, Oneida Co., ninety-five miles west by I'ail. Oct. 8, I 

 saw larvae but no butterflies at Cherry Yalley, Otsego Co., fiftj^ miles Avesterly. The lat- 

 ter part of July it was seen at Sharon Springs, forty-five miles west; while at Schoharie, 

 an intermediate point thirty miles west, I did not detect it until perhaps tAvo Aveeks later." 

 As it is not rei^orted from the eastern end of Lake Ontario for a year or tAvo, the butter- 

 fly probably reached Utica by the eastern rather than the Avestern side of the Adirondack 

 region and thus have spread more rapidly in a Avestern than in a southern direction from 

 the southern end of Lake Champlain. MoreoA^er, Mi-. H. B. Hawkins tells me, on the au- 

 thority of Mr. W. E. Yager, editor of the Oneonta Herald, that it appeared this same year 

 in Oneonta, Otsego Co., considerably to the south and east of LTtica. Along the Hud- 

 son, Mr. Lintner does not report it as extending farther south than Bath (Ent. Contr. ii, 

 54) five miles beloAV Albany in September. There can be no doubt that it had this year 

 completely overrun Yei-mont and New Hampshire, though the only recoi'ds I have in 

 the southern portions are that the first specimens were taken by Mr. C. P. Whitney at 

 Milford, N^. H., on May 26 of this year, that it was abundant there by autumn, and taken 

 in numbers at Walpole, N. H., in Jupe (S. I. Smith). But it had foUoAved doAvn the 

 Connecticut valley much farther than this, for it Avas taken at Holyoke, Mass., by Mr. J. 

 E. Chase; and Dr. George Diramock reports (X. E. Homestead in, 'No. 40, Mar. 25, 1871) 

 that the first specimen was taken near Springfield in the early part of May on the Long- 

 meadoAV road; that it Avas abundant before autumn and that in July he took it in consid- 

 erable numbers as far south as Ncav Britain, Conn. The first noticed by Mr. E. Norton 

 at Farmington, Conn., were also seen this j^ear but "not often"; in the following year it 

 was quite common. It also became common this year at Walpole, Mass., seventeen miles 

 soutliAA'est of Boston (Miss C. Guild). It Avould appear therefore that, at the close of 

 1870, the southern limits of the northern host Avere at about the parallel of 42", 10-30' 

 Avith a considerable extension down the Connecticut A^allc}'. 



Meanwhile the southern horde Avas extending its outposts. The entire extent of Long 

 Island was occupied this year, foi- Pi-of. S. I. Smith found the butterfly veiy common at 

 Fire Island Beach in August and Mr. B. H. Foster reports destruction at Babylon (Am. 



