VII. The Flora of the Kurile Islatstds. 

 By K. MiYABE. 



Introduction. 



s. 



General Remarks. 



;0 far as I am aware, no special work devoted to the flora of the Kurile Islands has ever been pub- 

 lished. The glimpses we could get of its character have chiefly been from the scattered writings 

 of Russian botanists. In his " Flora Rossica," Ledebour attributes about forty species to these 

 islands. Before his time, Pallas,' Georgi,- Turczaniuow,' Chamisso and Schlechtendal,* De Can- 

 dolle* and Ruprecht,^ referred occasionally in their writings to the Kurile plants. Most of these 

 plants, however, were included by Ledebour in his "Flora." 



Since the appearance of that important work, many additions have been made to our knowledge 

 of the Kurile vegetation by Regel,^ Maximowicz,* Herder,' Fr. Schmidt,'" Siebold," Boott,'- and 

 others.'^ The total number of plants of these islands known to me from the writings of these authors 

 is 104 species. 



The materials on which most of these references were based had been collected by the Russian 

 naturalists and naval officers in the northern Kuriles, as far south as Urup, and are now incorporated 

 chiefly in the herbaria of St. Petersburg. Prof. Maximowicz, who has noted every Kurile plant he 

 has come across in tliese herbaria since 1868, most generously placed his valuable list in my hands 



•Pallas, p. S. ; Neiie Nordische Beitrage, Vol. iv, pp. 112- 



141. St. Petersburg & Leipzig, 1783. Flora Rossica, 



Tom. I, pars 1, 2. Peteropoli, 1784-1788. Species As- 



tragalorum. Lipsise, 1800. 



'Georgi, J.T. ; Geograpliisch-physikalische unci naturli. 

 Beschreibung ties Russ. Reiclies. 3ten Theils 4ter Band, 



pp. 609-1072. Konigsberg, 1800. Nachtriige fur dessen 



Geog., etc., 1802. 



'Tnrczaninow, N. ; Description de deux nouveaux 



genres de la faniilie des Gentianfies. Observations sur 



quelques genres et espfeces de la familie de Borraginees. 



Decades quatuor plantarum luicusque non descripta- 



rura, Siljiriae maxinie orientalis, etc. (Bulletin de laSoc. 

 des Natur. de Mosc, 1840.) 



■• Cliamisso, Ad de, and Sclilechtendal, D. d. ; De plantis 

 iu expeditione speculatoria Romanzofflana oljservatis. (In 

 Linnfea, in (1828), p. 38, vi (1831), p. 574, on tlie plants 

 in Herb. Willd.) 



^ In the "Systema" and "I'rodromus," based mostly on 

 the specimens in Herb. Fisch. 



^Ruprecht, F. J. ; Distributio Cryptogamarum Vascula- 

 riuin in Iniperio Rossico (Beitnige zur Pflanzenkunde des 

 Russ. Reiches. Dritte Lief. St. Petersburg, 1845). 



'Regel, E. ; Uebersicht der Arten der Gattung Thalic- 

 trum, welche im ru.ssischen Rciche und der Angriinzenden 

 Laudern wachsen. Moskau, 1801. Regel & Tiling, H. ; 



MEMOniS BOSroN SOC. NAT. HIST., VOL. IV. 29 



Florula Ajanensis. Mosquae, 1859. Regel; Plantae 



Raddeanae, Vol. i, 1861-2. 



'Maximowicz, C. J. ; Priraitiae Florae Amurensis. St. 



Petersb., 1859. Diagnoses plantarum novaruni Ja- 



poneae et Mandshuriae (Melanges biologiques tirfis du 

 Bull, de I'Acad. imp. des Sciences de St. PStersbourg, Tom. 



VIII, IX, 1872-1876). Diagnoses plantarum novarura 



Asiaticarum (M61. biol., ix-xii, 1876-1888). Rhodo- 



dendreae Asiae Orientalis (Mem. de I'Acad. imp. St. 



Petersb., 7e s&v., t. xvi, n. 9) 1870. Adnotatioues de 



Spirteaceis (Acta H. Petrop. Tom. vi) 1879. 



'Herder, F. von ; Plantae Raddeanae, Vol. nr, IV, 1864- 

 1887. 



'"Schmidt, Fr. ; Flora Sachalinensis, in Reisen im Amur- 

 laude und auf der Insel Sachalin (M6m. Acad. imp. St. 

 P6tersb., 7e Ser., t. xii, n. 2) 1868. 



"Siebold et Zuccarini ; Flora Japonica. Lugd. Bot. 

 1835-1870. 



'-Boott, F. ; Illustrations of the Genus Carex. 4 vols. 

 1858-1807. 



'^Many references to the Kurile plants are found in some 

 of the recent monographs, as Haussknecht on Epilobium, 

 Elwes on Lilium, Bunge on Oxytropis, Masters on Japan- 

 ese Conifers, etc. In Turczaniuow's Flora Baicalensis- 

 Dahurica, about half a dozen references occur. 



(203) 



