FLORA OF THE KURILE ISLANDS. 205 



this short inl;iinl trip is of the most diversified character, ranging from sheltered valleys thickly cov- 

 ered with deciduous trees ;ind l)ainboos to ex'[)()sed mountain-tops entirely clothed with tlic straggling 

 Pinuspumila,iu\d from sandy and rocky beaches to sphagnous hogs on marine terraces. Thus I was 

 able to observe and collect more than two hundred species of the phanerogams and vascular cryptogams 

 of this island, whiuli, I believe, would fairly represent the genenil flora of the southern Kuriles. 



On the 31st, the steamer took us from Shana to Shibetoro, a fishing station near the northern ex- 

 tremity of the same island. There we had only an hour and a half at our disposal to spend on its 

 hillsides. So far the weather had been uncommonly fine and calm. But the regidar Kurile weather 

 soon set in, preventing our landing on the island of Urup. 



The nnml)er of species that I collected and observed^ in the island of Etorofu is 202 ; and in 

 Shikotan, 8(5. All myKurilespecimeus are now preserved in the Herbarium of Sapporo Agricultural 

 College, Japan. What duplicates I had of them I have distributed, together with those of my Yezo 

 collections, to the herbMria of the Imperial [Jniversity of Tokyo, of the Botanic Garden of St. Peters- 

 burg, and of Harvard Universitj'. 



The first list of my Kurile collections was made soon after my return to Sapporo from that tri|) in 

 18.S4. It was sent to my friend, Prof. J. Matsumura of the Imperial University of Tokyo, who read 

 it for me before the November meeting of the Botanical Society of the same year. By the courtesy 

 of Professor R. Yatabe, I was allowed to spend al)out five months, in 1885, in his laboratory in the 

 University of Tokyo, working up my Kurile and Yezo collections. Some important corrections were 

 there made in my former list. 



But it was not until I came to Harvard University that the i dea of publishing this list in the present 

 shape was formed. I am indebted to the late Dr. Asa Gray for first suggesting the publication of such 

 a list, which, in his opinion, would be equally interesting to American and to Japanese botanists. 



This work I was able to begin in earnest diu-ing the summer of 1888 in the Gray Herbarium, where, 

 by the kindness of Dr. Sereno Watson, I was allowed the use of its extensive collections and library. 

 For this particular work there could be few places better suited than this Herbarium, "which is es- 

 pecially rich in specimens from the western and northwestern portions of North America, and the 

 islands in the Behring Sea. The vegetation of eastern and northeastern Asia is also very largely 

 represented by the valuable collections of Charles Wright, Williams and Morrow, J. Small, Maximo- 

 wicz, Albrecht, Schmidt, Oldham, Tschonoski, Wilfold, Augustinowicz, Maries, Stewart and others. 



Under each species I have given the range of its geographical distriliution, special attention being 

 paid to its limits in the adjoining countries. For this purpose I have availed myself largely of the 

 labors of Ledcbour, Maximowicz, Regel, Herder, Hooker, Gray, Watson, Forbes, Hemsley, Fran- 

 chet, and many others. As to its range in the rest of Japan, my report is based mainly on the col- 

 lections in the Imperial University of Tokyo, and also on my own, which especially relates to the 

 island of Yezo. 



The citation of the literature under the species is not designed to be complete. As a general rule, 

 I have nlways referred to some of the principal Floras of the neighboring countries, and also to one or 

 more works of a general character, in which can be found a description of the species. A work in 

 which any reference to the Kurile plant as such is made is usually cited under that species. In the 

 case of a critical species, fuller references to its literature and synonymy are given. 



During the preparation of this paper, I have been greatly indebted to Dr. Sereno Watson, whose 

 judgment I have freely sought, and on whose suggestions I have acted, on many points of doubtful 

 and critical character. I owe much also to Prof. G. L. G.)o lale, who has kindly suggested many val- 

 uable changes. To Prof. C. J. Maximowicz I am under very great obligations. To his generosity 



' Want of space in my press-papers oliliged me toward spot the occurrence of plants of whose names I was abso- 



tUe end of the trip to resort to simply noting down on the lutely cerlaiu. 



