FLORA OF THE KURILE ISLANDS. 233 



slinibs, a foot to three feet in height in exiJosed jjUxees, as at Rnbetsu and Shibetoro, or 

 attaining- a height of eight to ten feet in sheltered places, as at Fnrubetsu and Arimoi. 

 Distrib. Manchnria, Eastern Siberia along the Ochotsk Sea to Kanitschatlva, Saghalin, 

 middle and northern Ja])an, islands in the Behring Sea, Alaska to the Sierra ]S^evada 

 and Rocky Mountains (to Colorado), and eastward throngh British America to Labrador 

 and northern New England. 



SAXIFRAGACE^. 



94. AstUbe Thunbergii, Miq. Prol. FI. Jap. p. 2G0; Fr. & Sav. Enura. I, p. 143; Forbes 



& Hemslcy, Index FI. Sin. p. 2GG. IloUda Thunhergii, Sieb. & Zucc. Fl. Jap. 



Fam. Nat. ii, p. 367. 

 Ilah. Etorqfu, at Furubetsn. 

 Distrib. Japan and central China. 



95. Saxifraga fusca, Max. Mel. Biol, viii, p. 602; Fr. & Sav. Enum. i, p. 146, ii, p. 354. 

 Ilab. Etorofu, along a shady stream near Tsurnbetsn. 



Distrib. Common in the island of Yezo, and rarely in the sul)alpine regions of middle 

 Japan. 



The plant is closely related to Saxifraga punctata, L., which gi-ows in the subalpine 

 regions of northeastern Asia, extending to Alaska and the Rocky Mountains. 



96. Saxifraga reflexa, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. I, p. 249, t. 85; Engl. Monog. Saxif. p. 143; 



A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad, xx, ]i. 11. S. Tilingiana, Regel in Regel & Til. Fl. 

 Ajan. p. 94; Engl. Monog. p. 142. S. SachaUnensis, F. Schm. FI. Sach. p. 133. 

 8. Virgiyiiensis, var. jezoensis, Franchet in Bull, de la Soc. Philom. de Paris, avril, 

 1888. 

 Ilab. Shil-ofan, on rocky clifis. 



I have followed Dr. Gray in referring our plant as well as S. Tilinginna. to Hooker's 

 8. rejiexa, which he distinguishes from 8. virglniensis hy the, ioWowm^^ chai-acters: — 

 " calyx reflexed in oi- after anthesis, almost free; pedicels all slender and longer than calyx; 

 filaments disposed t(j be upwardly dilated, sometimes conspicuously so," — /. c, p. 10. 

 There is a great variation in the nature and amount of the pubescence, and in the shape 

 of the leaves, with all gradations between the extremes. 



Distrib. Common in the middle and northern ])arts of Yezo, in southern Kuriles and 

 Saghalin; also in Eastern Siberia about Ajan; and in North America, from Arctic Alaska 

 southward along the northern Rocky Mountains, thence along the Cascades and the 

 Sierra Nevada to southern California. 



97. Saxifraga Merkii, Fisch. in Sternb. Rev. Sax. Suppl. i, p. 1, t. 1, f. 3, ii, p. 19; Ser. in 



DC. Prodr. iv, p. 24; Engl. Monog. Sax. p. 208. 

 Ilab. Second Island (Paramushii-) \ (ex Max.). 



Distrib. About the Baikal Lake, Ajan (Small !) , Kamtschatka and the Kurile Islands ; 

 as var. Idsurosi, Engl., in the alpine district of middle Ja])an. 



98. Saxifraga bronchialis, L. Sp. p. 400; Ledeb. Fl. Ross, ii, p. 207; Hook. FI. Bor.-Am. 



I, p. 254; Engl. Monog. Sax. p. 215. 



