478 THOMAS DWIGIIT OX THE 



The dissected specimen is in much the same position Imt less strongly flexed. The carpus 

 and metacarpus are arched transversely so as to form a deep hollow in the hand. Dr. 

 Jackson said in his report of the case to the Boston Society for Medical Improvement in 

 the summer of 1852: '' the hand was not merely very useful to him in the way of his busi- 

 ness, but gave him some advantages, he thought, in playing upon the piano, upon which 

 instrument he was a performer. The three upper fingers, supposing the hand to be laid 

 in a state of semipronation. were used efficiently as a thuml) to oppose the three^ others. 

 Variou-< observations were made upon the n)otions of the hand and fingers." Unfortu- 

 nately these were not recorded in the hospital records and no notes bearing on them can 

 be found among Dr. .lackson's papers. The left arm was shorter than the right. Dr. 

 .Jackson gives the length of the left forearm as 8' inches and that of the humerus as 10 

 inches, the right ulna measuring nearly 111 inches and the humerus 1.3 inches. The 

 .scapula (Plate 4-3, fig. 3) is very peculiar. The supra-scapular notch is broad and so deep 

 as to pass ])elow the spine. The spine is so slanted that what is called the upper surface 

 of the acromion looks almost directly outward. It is moreover very slight. The supra- 

 spinous fossa is rudimentary. Its anterior portion is wanting and most of the posterior 

 part of the floor is convex instead of concave. Dr. .lack.son had perfectly recognized that 

 the hemes of the forearm were two ulnae, and that there was no radius; but the i)arts 

 about the elbow were .so hidden liy the dried mu.scles that very important features could 

 not be made out. I therefore had the specimen pliotograjihed before it was disturbed 

 and rewrote the description of the soft parts. Then softening the dried muscles l)y a 

 steam of almost boiling water I examined thoroughly the bones at the elbow and finally 

 separated the arm from the forearm. The bones were then photographed. The wrist 

 and hand were not further dissected as the preparation gave a good view of the dor.sal 

 aspect of the carpal bones. 



The Boxes. The forearm consists of the noriud left ulna and of a right one in the 

 place of the radius. The left one shows little that calls for comment, excepting that there is 

 a projection outward at the place of the lesser sigmoid cavity to join a corresponding pro- 

 jection from the other ulna. The upper surtiice of this projection articulates with the 

 humerus. At the lower end the styloid process is less prominent than usual, and the head 

 rather broad. The right or extra ulna is put on hind side before, that is the back of 

 the olecranon projects forward over the front and outer aspect of the humerus. If the 

 reader will place his right forearm on the outer side of the left one he will see that it is 

 necessaiy- for the ulna to be thus inverted if the thumbs are to touch and the palms to be 

 continuous. This olecranon is thinner, flatter, and longer than normal. The coronoid 



' Dr. .J;ick.-ioii says-' thnn- " instead of "four" as ho tlioiigh it lias some support iu the phiii of the Mteusor 



looked on the normal index as a central linger with tliree tendons. 



• in either .side of it — a view to which [ cannot agree, 



