38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEXJM vol.99 



4a. Maxillary long and slender, generally reaching well beyond joint of 



mandible, frequently nearly or quite to margin of opercle, more or 



less sharply pointed posteriorly. 



5a. Gill rakers very close set, numerous,, increasing in number with age, 



about 60 to 130 on lower limb of first arch in adults, as few as 35 



or 40 in young; body deep, strongly compressed, depth in adults 



about 2.6 to 3.8 in standard length; attaining a standard length 



of 250 mm Anchovia Jordan and Evermann 



56. Gill rakers not very close set, less numerous, apparently not increas- 

 ing in number with age, rarely as many as 32 on lower limb of 

 first arch; body usually more elongate; some species very small, 

 size not exceeding 150 mm, in stardard length. 



Anchoa Jordan and Evermann 



4b. Maxillary shorter, often rather broad, usually failing to reach joint of 



mandible, never reaching beyond it, square or broadly rounded 



posteriorly, never pointed; not exceeding 150 mm. in standard 



length Anchoviella Fowler 



36. Origin of anrl fin in advance of origin of dorsal fin, or rarely under it; 



pelvic fin inserted about equidistant from base of pectoral and origin of 



anal. 



6o. Origin of dorsal fin notably less than t-wice as far from tip of snout as 



from base of caudal; gill rakers short and broad, only about 14 on 



lower limb of first arch; anal with 29 to 33 ' rays. 



Pterengravilis Giinther 



66. Origin of dorsal fin about twice as far from tip of snout as from base of 



caudal; gill rakers long, sleader, and nv.merous, about 33 on lower 



limb of first arch in young (probably more numerous in adults); 



anal with about 25 rays Hildebrandichthys, new genus 



26. Teeth in the jaws, especially in the lower jaw, notably enlarged, usually 

 unequal in size; origin of anal posterior to that of dorsal; pelvic in- 

 serted about midway between base of pectoral and origin of anal; size 

 attained large, about 250 to 300 mm. in total length. 



Lycengraulis Giinther 

 16. Intestine black, greatly coiled in posterior part of abdominal cavity, pyloric 

 caeca black; gill membranes broadly united across isthmus in adults by a 

 thin membrane, easily torn; gill rakers long and slender, close set, increasing 

 in number with age, 25 to 60 on lower limb of first arch; pelvic fin insertion 

 under or only a little in advance of dorsal origin, size attained up to at least 

 160 mm -_ .Cetengraiilis Giinther 



Genus ANCHOVIA Jordan and Evermann 



Anchovia Jordan and Evermann, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 47, pt. 1, p. 449, 1896. 

 (Genotype, Engraulis macrolepidotus Kner and Steindachner). 



KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ANCHOVIA FROM VENEZUELA 



la. Origin of anal fin well in advance of a vertical line through middle of dorsal 

 fin base; vertebrae 42 or 43; length of cheek about equal to snout and eye; 

 pelvic fin inserted about equidistant from pectoral insertion and a vertical 

 line through dorsal origin and of anal origin; greatest depth 3.3 to 3.7, and 

 postorbital length of head 5.4 to 6.4, both in standard length; anal rays iii, 

 27 to iii, 32 Anchovia clupeoides (Swainson) 



' Dr. Hildebrand gives the range 27 to 35, but he informs me that the 27 is a typographical error and should 

 be 20 as in his original data. 



