I lo Frank Canic\ 



extending- eastward for about twenty rods, then turning- to the 

 south, its course being dei^ected by on-shore currents in the deeper 

 water; a profile of the beach w-est of the north-soutli highway (fig. 

 4K) shows wave-erosion. This island was tied to the shore by 

 a spit which grew landward from its southwestern side ; the tex- 

 ture of this bar is coarser near its island end ; at the southern end it 

 consists of fine sand and gravel, forming a cusp-like union with 

 the beach. 



About one-half mile east of this island, I have indicated on 

 the map another small area wdiich was above water during the lat- 

 ter part of the Whittlesey stage. On the eastern side of this there 

 is evidence of some wave-work on the sandstone; elsewhere its 

 shore is marked by beach material. In origin this island appears 

 to represent a local arching of the sandstone. The whole surface 

 is strewn with slightly worn blocks of the thin layers found in 

 the upper part of the Berea formation. 



The only island on the sheet belonging to the Maumee level, 

 as already noted, is one-half mile farther northeast ; during the 

 Whittlesey stage its area was about four times as great. Its west- 

 ern half has a w-ave-cut cliff; elsewhere its shore is marked by 

 structural deposits. Short spits extended from the northeastern 

 quarter, one growing almost directly north and the other bearing 

 to the east. Wind-deposited sands are noted also in connection 

 with the Whittlesey beaches, about this island. 



The road extending southward from Avon (plate VII) leads 

 across a long ridge due to an arching of the Berea sandstone ; the 

 atcitude of the beds is revealed in a railway cut made directly across 

 the ridge. This arching caused a shallow^ place in Lake Whittle- 

 sey, and led to the construction of a barrier. Apparently the Whit- 

 tlesey level fell slightly and a spit was developed to the southwest; 

 this spit consists of very coarse material, the product of wave- 

 work on the thin beds of the Berea; the part of its course that 

 parallels a north-south highway is a strong ridge; north of this 

 point its cross-section (fig. 4 L) shows that the lake-level fell 

 enough to subject the tied end of the spit to wave-attack. Opposite 

 the northern end of "Rocky Ridge" is a shorter ridge of gravel and 

 sand which originated as an off-shore barrier. Paralleling the 

 southern part of Rocky Ridge, and east of it, is another off-shore 

 barrier. 



Between the Wheeling Railroad, and the Lorain and Elyria 



