240 Frank Carney 



On the east side of Cranberry Creek, the Whittlesey level is 

 defined by a beach ridge trending slightly to the north, for about 

 one and a half miles. Then the shore line becomes a cliff, and bears 

 southward into the Chappel Creek depression. Eastward from 

 this creek, a highway follows the Whittlesey beach to within a 

 short distance of the conspicuous cape of the Maumee level, 

 already described. Through most of this course of three miles, 

 the shore line consists of a typically developed beach ridge; but 

 nearing the east end it becomes a cut cliff. The degree of develop- 

 ment of this beach is shown also in the numerous lagoons that 

 border its landward side. Two positions of the shore line are 

 indicated near the cape : the earlier is entirely structural ; the later, 

 a short distance north, is cut in the sandstone. Eastward, how- 

 ever, beach gravels prevail almost to the point of the cape. Wave- 

 work of the Whittlesey stage must have cut this cape back some 

 distance; Maumee gravels are found up to the very edge of the 

 cliff. 



On the east side of this cape the Whittlesey shore line turns 

 southward, and consists entirely of structural materials. Between 

 the two highways the ridge is coarse in texture. Nearing the 

 eastern of these roads two ridges are shown, separated by a lagoon: 

 the earlier one was of short duration, and registers a south- 

 ward bend in the lake shore; the later position is a strongly devel- 

 oped ridge, now followed by a highway. The two ridges come 

 together near the Erie-Lorain county boundary. From this point 

 to the gorge of the Vermilion River, the Whittlesey level has a 

 sharply developed beach ridge. 



On the opposite side of the river, this beach parallels the river 

 for a distance of about 80 rods; the stream is now removing shore 

 gravels as it undercuts the shale beneath. The beach ridge, as 

 the shore line turns northward, blends into a sandstone cliff ; 

 this cape was used as a triangulation station. The highway, 

 eastward to Brownhelm, follows the Whittlesey shore line. In 

 the vicinity of Brownhelm the beach ridge is double. 



About one mile east of this place, the earliest course of the shore 

 line extended to the southeast, a position now marked by a low 

 cliff cut into the sandstone; this, however, was a temporary 

 position. Its isolation came about as follows, but the sequence is 

 merely suggestive: east of Quarry Run are two Berea outliers, 

 one of which is almost entirely on the Oberlin sheet : these were 



