242 Frank Carney 



east is a mile of sandstone cliff which is varied at the next high- 

 way-crossing, directly south of Ashmont, by a ridge of fine materials, 

 originating apparently as a barrier but later forming a beach. 

 From this point to Chappel Creek a cliff -phase marks the Warren 

 level. Eastward from Chappel Creek for most of the distance to 

 Sugar Creek, I have mapped an upper slightly developed ridge 

 blending at the western end with a lower and better developed 

 beach ridge. Eastward from Sugar Creek for nearly three miles 

 a cliff continues. This cliff is particularly sharp directly opposite 

 the cape that existed during both the Maumee and the Whittlesey 

 levels. Between this point and the Vermilion River I have indi- 

 cated two continuous beach ridges, the upper one of slighter de- 

 velopment; their continuity is evidence of successive levels. The 

 lower one may have had its origin in an off-shore barrier, but it 

 served as the beach ridge proper for a longer period than did the 

 upper one. 



East of the Vermilion two corresponding ridges exist for one 

 and one-half miles. The inner ridge is irregular at one point, 

 suggesting a cusp development. For part of the distance the outer 

 beach is also composite. Near the river channel I noted deposits 

 apparently representing the growth of spits into the slight bay that 

 preceded the static position of the outer beach. 



East of Brownhelm Creek the Warren level is registered by a 

 cliff cut in the Berea outlier which was an island, already described, 

 in the Whittlesey stage. Betw^een this outlier and the one near the 

 eastern edge of the sheet two ridges persist, but they are so close 

 together that I am inclined to regard them as a single beach. 

 Obviously, however, the outer one is a little lower in altitude, and 

 its water-slope, for part of the distance, shows steepening by 

 wave-work. Near the eastern outlier the sand is evidently wind- 

 drifted. 



ISLANDS 



This outlier was an island in the Whittlesey stage, but of slight 

 area, as already explained. Early in the Warren level it was also 

 an island; later it became a part of the shore line. I have not indi- 

 cated a position for the beach when this outlier was an island; the 

 area immediately southwest bears so much wind-drifted sand 

 that it is impossible to tell where the original beach may have 



