Geography of Ohio 147 



crop. All these formations dip to the east and south; thus they 

 appear as shingles over one another. To some extent, sandstone 

 has been quarried from formations higher up in the Pennsylvanian, 

 but so far as I know, only for local use. 



Flagging stone. This use, perhaps, may as well be mentioned in 

 connection with building stones. Decades ago, certain quarries 

 in the northern and north-eastern parts of the state had a wide 

 reputation for the high grade of flagging stones furnished. Ship- 

 ments were made to distant points. These quarries contained 

 beds thin enough and strong enough to cut up into right sizes 

 to be laid directly for walks. Sometimes the uniform thickness 

 of these beds and the absence of joints made it possible to remove 

 slabs of marvelous size. There is record of one slab 5 feet wide, 

 3 inches thick, and 150 feet long, having been taken out of a quarry 

 near Warren, Trumbull County.^ In general, however, the beds 

 were so irregular in thickness that much selecting had to be done 

 in matching up slabs for walks. After the stone saw came into 

 use these quarries ceased to be profitable. By the use of the saw, 

 heavy beds of the Berea are divided into slabs of uniform thick- 

 ness. In connection with several of the quarries now in operation, 

 sawing is carried on many months of each year. The demand for 

 stone flagging is still active, but, recent development in the use of 

 cement promises that before many years the cement will occupy 

 the field entirely. 



Other quarry products. In Mineral Resources for 1908 it is noted 

 that Ohio ranks second in its output of crushed stone,^ and first 

 in crushed limestone.^ With the promise of greater activity in 

 highway improvement, there will be an increasing demand for 

 our limestones; this state has practically^ exhaustless calcareous 

 formations, easily quarried and marketed. In the production 

 of curbing stone, we rank second, and hold the same place in 

 flagging. In both of these products, however, it must be expected 

 that the market will decrease as cement comes more generally 

 into use. 



^ Geological Survey of Ohio, vol. v, (18S4), p. 580. 



* U. S. Geological Survey, "Mineral Resources," 1908, p. 544. 



'' Ibid., p. 575. 



