BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 675 



some the shaft streak very broad almost restricting the slate color to 

 a mere broad margin as in the upper wing coverts; in others, as the 

 scapulars and upper back feathers, the darker tone is a narrow median 

 streak; the rump feathers and the upper tail coverts transversely very 

 broadly barred ^dth large spots of slate-black; greater upper wing 

 coverts, remiges, and rectrices slate-black, the secondaries and inner 

 primaries narrowly tipped with slate; the primaries becoming brown- 

 ish, almost fuscous along the outer margin of the inner web, all the 

 remiges with from 6 to 10 short, incomplete, equally spaced, white bars 

 on the inner web; the second primary from the outside the longest, then 

 the outermost, then the third one; rectrices with 5 to 7 incomplete, 

 narrow, equally spaced, whitish bars, these bars becoming slate gray 

 on the median pair and somewhat clouded with slate gray on the outer 

 webs of the next pair or two (occasional specimens almost lack these 

 bars on the outer webs of the lateral pairs), and, in fresh plumage, the 

 rectrices are narrowly tipped mth grayish white; tail slightly emargi- 

 nated, the second and third (from outside) rectrices the longest; chin 

 and throat and a narrow dorsolateral extension on either side behind 

 the auriculars whitish, sometimes only very slightly tinged with car- 

 tridge buff, but usualljT- washed \\dth light ochraceous-bufT or cinnamon- 

 buff, this color generally more pronounced on the lower throat than on 

 the chin or upper throat, but occasionally the entire area from chin to 

 breast is almost uniformJy light ochraceous-buff ; breast and upper 

 abdomen, sides and flanks black, each feather tipped narrowly with 

 white to gull gray, sometimes washed Math hazel, and crossed by one 

 or two narrow bars of generally purer white, the tips and bars more 

 whitish on the anterior pectoral area and more gra3'ish or rufescent 

 grayish on the posterior abdominal and lateral areas; rest of abdomen, 

 thighs, and under tail coverts uniform deep hazel to deep cinnamon- 

 rufous; under vdng coverts dull black with small round white to pale 

 ochraceous-buff spots, the ochraceous color usually best developed on 

 those coverts lying close to the bend of the wing; cere and bare orbital 

 region greenish yellow; iris very dark brovvm; bill black except for the 

 base of the lower mandible which is yellowish; tarsi and toes bright 

 chrome yellow to lemon yellow; claws black.*^ 



Juvenal (sexes alike). — Very similar to the adult, but the upper- 

 parts dull dark slate-black without any slate or bluish slate margins 

 or cast; the lores buffy to pale ochraceous, the breast and upper abdo- 

 men with a fuscous wash, the transverse bars heavily washed with 

 hazel; lower abdomen and thighs very slightly paler hazel than in 



^9 Females present no constant color characters by which they may be told from 

 males, but they average a very slightly more slate color on the crown and occiput, 

 and tend to have six or seven, instead of five or six, narrow white bars en the 

 rectrices, but these characters are both subject to exceptions. 

 839094 — 50 14 



