BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 643 



(status in Minnesota).— Bailey, Brower, and Bishop, Progr. Activ. 

 Chicago Acad. Sci., iv, No. 2, 1933, 23 (Point Barrow, Alaska).— DuMont, 

 Nebraska Bird Rev., i, 1933, No. 2, 12, in text (spec, Elk Creek, Johnson 

 County, Nebr.; first record for Nebraska; crit.; syn.).— Norton, Auk, 1, 

 1933, 212 (near Colebrook, N. H.; Oct. 22, 1915).— Broun, Auk, lii, 1935, 

 243, 247; Ivi, 1939, 437, in text (Hawk Mountain, Pa.; migr.).— Groebbels, 

 Der Vogel, ii, 1937, 116, in text (nesting close to other birds).— Gross, Auk, 

 liv, 1937, 21, in text (Hopedale, Labrador; probably nesting) .—Prill, Wils. 

 Bull., xlix, 1937, 119, in text (Scio, Oreg.; 2 records).- Wallace, Auk, liv, 

 1937, 548, in text (Milton, Vt., spec.).— Gromme, Auk, Iv, 1938, 274, in text 

 (Milwaukee, Wis.; spec). — Witherby et al.. Handbook British Birds, iii, 

 1939, 5, in text (footnote).— Gabrielson and Jewett, Birds Oregon, 1940, 

 199 (Oregon; rare straggler; only 3 records; descr.). — Long, Trans. Kansas 

 Acad. Sci., xliii, 1940, 440 (Kansas; accid.; 1 near Manhattan).— Stjtton, 

 Auk, Ivii, 1940, 401, in text (Chenango County, N. Y.; spec).— Bird, Ibis, 

 1941, 132, in text.— Cahalane, Auk, Ixi, 1944, 363 (Alaska, Ugashik; speci- 

 men in U. S. Nat. Mus.). — Goodrich, Rept. Kansas State Board Agr,, 

 Ixiv, No. 267, 1945, 181 (Kansas; only 1 record).— Haecker, Moser, and 

 Swenk, Nebraska Bird Rev. xiii, 1945, 10 (Nebraska; accidental vis.; 1 

 record).— Soper, Auk, Lxiii, 1946, 224 (Baffin Island).— Grayce, Auk, Ixiv, 

 1947, 277 (Labrador; 1 seen July 13 at Saeylet Bay).— Todd and Fried- 

 mann, Wils. Bull., lix, 1947, 144 (plum., distr., crit.). 

 Hierofalco gyrjalco obsoletus Ridgway, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, v, 1880, 92-95 

 (descr. adult male and female from Montreal; crit. and syn.); Nom. North 

 Amer. Birds, 1881, No. 412c.— Stearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vi, 1883, 

 118 (Labrador.)— Hantzsch, Journ. fiir Orn., Ivi, 1908, 373 (Port Burwell, 

 Labrador, August; status; crit.); Mitt. Ver. Erdk. Dresden, No. 8, 1909, 

 288 (ne. Labrador; breeding); Can. Field Nat., xlii, 1928, 17 (ne. Labrador; 

 breeds) . 

 Hierofalco sacer obsoletus Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 220. 

 Gyrfako rusticolus obsoletus Snyder and Logier, Trans. Roy. Can. Inst., xviii, 



pt. 1, 1931, 182, in text. 

 Falco communis, n arcticus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 271 (adult?). 

 Falco cinereus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 267. 

 Falco communis r ater Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 270 (part based on Edwards' 



Nat. Hist., pi. 4). 

 Falco candicans Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 1, 1788, 275.— Daxjdin, Trait6 d'Orn., 

 ii, 1800, 101.— Turton, Gen. Syst. Nat., i, 1806, 158.— Bewick, Isis, 1824, 

 882.— Schlegel, Abh. Geb. Zool., 1841, 14; Krit. Ueb., 1844, 1; Mus. 

 Pays-Bas, Falcones, 1862, 7; Rev. Ace, 1873, 34.— Bonaparte, Rev. Zool., 

 1850, 484; Consp. Av., i, 1850, 23.— Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- 

 delphia, 1855, 278; in Baird's Birds North Amer., 1858, 13 (part; descr. 

 supposed adult = young).— Strickland, Orn. Syn., i, 1855, 77.— Von 

 MtJLLER, Journ. fiir Orn., iv, 1856, 497.— Baird, Cat. North Amer. Birds, 

 1859, No. 11 (part).— Reinhardt, Ibis, 1881, 4 (Greenland).— Blasitjs, 

 Journ. fur Orn., x, 1862, 43.— Boardman, Proc Boston Soc Nat. Hist., ix, 

 1862, 122 (Maine). — Verreaux, Proc Essex Inst., iii, 1862, 139. — Blakis- 

 TON.'lbis, V, 1863, 43 (British America).— Pelzeln, Verh. z.-b. Ges Wien, 

 xiii,'lS63, 597.— Allan, Proc Essex Inst., iv, 1864, 81; Amer. Nat., i, 1S67, 

 40;' iii, 1869, 513.— Newton, Ooth. WoUeyana, 1864, 85; editor Yarrell, i, 

 1871, 36; Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, xxiii, 1871, 95 (crit.).— Dall 

 and Bannister, Trans. Chicago Acad. Sci., i, 1869, 271, part (Alaska). — 

 Gray, Hand-list, i, 1869, IS. — Harting, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1871, 

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