104 BULLETIN 5 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



crown and occiput fuscous to fuscous-black, with concealed white 

 bases; a broad, continuous nuchal collar of ochraceous-buff, tawny, 

 or amber brown, occasionally extending to the ear coverts; remainder 

 of upperparts fuscous to fuscous-black, darker anteriorly, often with 

 slightly paler (sometimes russet) edges to the feathers; upper tail 

 coverts tipped and barred with white or pale gray; entire underparts, 

 including under wing coverts, white, or ochraceous-white (more 

 ochraceous on the under tail coverts), with broad nearly equal trans- 

 verse bars of ochraceous-tawny, cinnamon-brown, russet or amber- 

 brown, narrowly edged with fuscous or fuscous-black (occasionally 

 this edging is absent, and sometimes it widens to spread over almost 

 the entire bar); outer primaries pale fuscous above, white, or pale 

 mouse gray below, cream color, or pinkish buff toward the bases of 

 the inner webs, and distally banded with fuscous, or fuscous-black 

 (the bands being about one-half or one-third the width of the lighter 

 interspaces); inner primaries chestnut, or russet, shading to creamy 

 or pinkish buff toward the bases of their inner webs, and distally 

 banded with fuscous; secondaries light fuscous above, gull gray below, 

 white, or cream color toward the bases of the inner webs, and some- 

 what indistinctly banded with dark fuscous; tail fuscous-black, to 

 black, white basally, narrowly tipped with white or pale hair brown, 

 and crossed by two bands of hair brown or mouse gray, shading to 

 white or pinkish buff on the inner webs, especially anteriorly; bill 

 black, yellowish olive below; lores olive orange; sides of cere olive- 

 yellow; spot above eye orange; skin in front of eye grass green; iris 

 white; feet gamboge. Gray-hacked variety: Like the above, but with 

 the upperparts plumbeous-black to sooty black, and with a tendency 

 toward loss of the tawny nuchal collar. Females in this plumage 

 variation are very like the cinnamon-barred variation of the gray 

 phase of the male. 



Melanistic phase: Similar to that of the male. 



Immature. — No definite immature plumage; there is a gradual, 

 and probably prolonged, molt from juvenal to adult, which appears 

 to commence anteriorly, as well as on the underparts, and to end with 

 the tail. 



Juvenal (sexes alike). — Forehead, crown, and occiput fuscous-black 

 with white bases to the feathers; a broad, white, cream, or pinkish 

 buff nuchal collar, continuous with the white underparts; remainder 

 of upperparts fuscous (shading to fuscous-black on the neck) with 

 narrow cinnamon, tawny, or russet margins to the feathers; upper 

 tail coverts tipped and barred with white, or pinkish buff; entire 

 underparts white, or buff, shading to pinkish buff on the thighs and 



