BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 227 



flanks; upperparts with less ferruginous or orange-cinnamon (the 

 edges narrower than in adults) ; rectrices neutral gray with white 

 basal areas and with an indistinct subterminal fuscous band; the 

 whitish basal portion marked irregularly with fuscous. 



Immature. — Dark phases: None seen; probably similar to adult 

 except for tail characters (?). 



Juvenal (sexes alike). — Similar to immature of light phase, but with 

 the abdomen and thighs spotted with fuscous; a large fuscous patch 

 on the sides; breast and upper abdomen suffused with pale tawny; 

 rectrices with the dark neutral gray portion crossed by four indistinct, 

 broad, fuscous bars, the whitish tips broader than in the immature 

 plumage. 



Natal down. — Short, white, woolly dowTi, longer and silkier on the 

 crown and tinged with gray on crown, wings, and rump. 



Adult male.— Wing 421-440 (431); tail 231-246 (237.4); culmen 

 from cere 26.3-30.5 (28); tarsus 83-87.5 (85.6); middle toe without 

 claw 36-44 (38.8 mm.) (8 specimens). 



Adult female. —Wing 427-450 (432.3); tail 238.5-252 (244); culmen 

 from cere 27-30.5 (29.5); tarsus 81.5-91.5 (86.8); middle toe without 

 claw 37-43.5 (40.3 mm.) (4 specimens). 



Range. — Breeds from eastern Washington (Chelan) and possibly the 

 arid southern interior of British Columbia, extreme southern Alberta, 

 southern Saskatchewan, and southwestern Manitoba, south to eastern 

 Oregon and northeastern California, Nevada (near Camp McDermot), 

 Utah, southern Arizona (?), New Mexico, northwestern Texas (Staked 

 Plains), extreme western Oklahoma, Kansas, and the Dakotas (possi- 

 bly western Iowa). 



Winters (rarely) from the northern limits of the breeding range, and 

 (less rarely) in Oregon, Montana, the Dakotas, and western 

 Minnesota, but chiefly in the southwestern United States south to 

 Baja California, Arizona, New Mexico, western Texas, and Mexico 

 (Hidalgo and Zacatecas) . 



Casual in eastern Mimiesota (Hennepin and Stearns Counties), 

 Wisconsin (Lake Koshkonog), and Illinois (Rock Island, Paris). 



2ype locality. — Real del Monte, Mexico (ex G. R. Gray, List Birds 

 Brit. Mus., 1844, 19, nomen nudum). 



Falco {Buteo) ferrugineus (not Falco ferrugineus Nordmann, 1835) Lichtbnstein, 

 Akad. Wiss. Berlin, Gelesen, June 1837 (published 1838), 428 (California; 

 Berlin Mus.) — Grinnell, Univ. California Publ. Zool., xxxviii, 1932, 267 

 (type loc; crit.). 



Lagopus ferrugineus Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1844, 37 (Mexico) ; Ann. 

 Mag. Nat. Hist., xiv, 1844, 452, 453 (reprint). 



Archibuteo ferrugineus Gray, List Spec. Brit. Mus., pt. 1, Accip.; ed. 2, 1848, 39 

 (Real del Monte, Hidalgo, Mexico). — Baird, Rep. Stansbury's Expl. Great 

 Salt Lake, 1852, 327 (California) ; Rep. U. S. and Mex. Bound. Surv., ii, pt. 

 839094—50 16 



