BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 467 



Johnson, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, iv, 1879 (Gravesend, Long Island, Dec. 6, 

 1877; measurements). — Boardman, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 58 

 (Milltown, New Brunswick, Oct. 16). — Merkiam, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, 

 vii, 1882, 238 (Point de Monts, Quebec, breeding). — Wheaton, Rep. Birds 

 Ohio, 1882, 432 (Ohio).— Seton, Auk, iii, 1886, 154 (Big Plain and along Red 

 River, Manitoba; res.). — Bbristain and Laurkncio, Mem. y Rev. Soc. Cient. 

 "Antonio Alzate," vii, 1894, 225 (Mexico; rare). — Salvin and Godman, Biol. 

 Centr.-Amer., Aves, iii, 1901, 91 (Ciudad Durango and Guanajuato, Mex- 

 ico). — Kelso, Ibis, 1926, 703 (Arrow Lakes, Brit. Columbia). 



Aquila chrysaetos cJirysaetos Sutton, Birds Pennsylvania, 1928, 64 (Pennsylvania; 

 descr.; distr.). 



Aquila chrysaetos Johnston, Birds West Virginia, 1923, 88 (West Virginia). 



Buteo chrysaetos Ricker and Clarke, Contr. Roy. Ontario Mus. Zool., No. 16, 

 1939, 7 (Lake Nipissing, Ontario). 



Genus THALLASOAETUS Kaup 



Thallasoaetus Kaup. Classif. Saugeth. und Vogel, 1844, 123. (Type, by monotypy 



Aquila pelagica Pallas.) 

 Thalassoactus (emendation) Gray, Gen. Birds, i, 1845, 17, 

 Thallasaetus (emendation )Kaup, Mus. Senckenb., iii, Heft 3, 1845, 261. 

 Thalassactus (emendation) Kaup, Isis, 1847, 112; in Jardine's Contr. Orn., 1850, 



74. 

 Thalassiaetus (emendation) Reichenbach, Av. Syst. Nat., 1850, pi. 96. 

 Thallosaetus (emendation) Kaup, Ai-ch. fur Naturg., 1851, i, 89. 

 Thalassiaetos (emendation) Brandt, Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. St. Pdtersbourg, 



ix, 1851. 

 Thalassaefos (emendation) Brandt, Journ. fiir Orn., 1853, 189. 

 Haliaeetus Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, ii, 1914, 1175.— Peters, Check-list Birds of 



World, i, 1931, 258, 259. 



Very large and powerful sea eagles (wing about 585-650 mm.) 

 resembling Haliaeetus, but differing in the strongly cuneate or grad- 

 uated tail, consisting of 14 subacuminate rectrices, much larger and 

 relatively deeper bill, distinctly arched culmen, and differently formed 

 nostrils. 



Bill relatively very large and deep (nearly as long as head) , its depth 

 at anterior margin of cere considerably greater than more than half 

 the chord of culmen, the latter very strongly decurved from base, 

 its length (chord) equal to about two-thirds of the length of tarsus, 

 slightly less than length of middle toe without claw, the tip of maxilla 

 forming a well-produced unguis, the acute tip of which inclines slightly 

 backward; maxillary tomium faintly or very slightly "festooned" 

 posteriorly, a similar slight convexity showing on the commissural 

 edge of the cere; nostril obliquely vertical, narrowly ovate or nearly 

 fusiform, situated above middle of cere, near anterior margin of the 

 latter, to which its inner surface is gradually beveled, the posterior 

 raised margin somewhat rimmed; cere relatively broad, its length 

 on top, where distinctly arched, nearly if not quite equal to one-thu'd 



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