BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 437 



(cites Falco destructor and cristatus Latham, Vultur harpyia Linnaeus, and 



Falco harpyia, cristatus, and jacquini Gmelin). 

 Harpyia ferox Lesson, Traits d'Orn., 1831, 50, pi. 10 and 11, fig. 1 (new name for 



Falco destructor Daudin). 

 lAquila dicronyx Rafinesque, Atlant. Journ. and Friend of Knowledge, i. No. 1, 



1832, 63 (Buenos Aires). 



Genus SPIZASTUR Gray 



Spizastur "Lesson" Gray, List Gen. Birds, ed. 2, 1841, 3 (ex Lesson, Rev. Zool., 

 ii, 1839, 132 = nomen nudum). (Type, by monotypy, Falco atricapillus "Cuv." 

 Temminck. = Bitteo melanoleucus Vieillot.) 



Spiziastur (emendation) Kaup, Isis, 1848, 772. 



Tolmolestes Heine, in Heine and Reichenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 270 

 (new name for Spizastur Lesson, on grounds of purism). 



Large eaglelike hawks (wing about 363-417 mm.) resembling 

 Spizaetus, but differing from that genus in having much longer 

 primaries, the inner webs of outer five abruptly emarginated (instead 

 of outer six shallowly sinuated), the first (outermost) primary longer 

 than the tenth (instead of much shorter) ; relatively shorter, deeper, 

 and more compressed bill; very different anterior outline to cere, 

 which is farther removed from anterior edge of nostrU; relatively 

 shorter tail (less than three-fifths as long as wing; instead of three- 

 fourths as long) ; densely bristled loral region; unfeathered mandibular 

 rami; relatively longer than inner toe and hallux, each with its claw 

 as long as or longer than the digit, and in immaculate white underparts. 



Bill relatively short, deep, and compressed, the culmen (chord) 

 slightly but decidedly longer than claw of middle toe or about half 

 as long as middle toe without claw, its depth at base of culmen slightly 

 less than distance from most anterior point of cere to tip of maxilla 

 and one and a half times its width at same point; culmen obtusely 

 ridged, strongly and gradually decurved from base; unguis moderately 

 developed, preceded by a distinct tomial concavity, this by a slight, 

 but distinct convexity; gonys faintly convex, ascending terminally; 

 anterior margin of cere regularly convex. Nostril obliquely vertical, 

 nearly hemispherical, the posterior edge straight, the anterior edge 

 strongly convex, separated by a considerable interval from anterior 

 edge of cere. Wing rather long and pointed (for this group) , the longest 

 primary exceeding distal secondary by about one-third the length of 

 wing; fom*th and fifth primaries longest, the first (outermost) longer 

 than tenth; inner webs of five outer primaries abruptly emarginated. 

 Tail between one-half and three-fifths as long as wing, truncate, the 

 rectrices moderate in width (the width of middle pair equal to about 

 one-fifth their length (from point of insertion)). Tarsus about one- 

 fifth as long as wing; densely feathered all around except on extreme 

 lower portion; middle toe about thi-ee-fourths as long as tarsus, its 

 claw decidedly less than half as long as the digit; outer toe very 



