BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA 433 



bands very distinct; the light areas pale smoke gray with a suggestion 

 of a silvery tinge; rectrices neutral gray, tipped with white and crossed 

 by four broad black bands, the subterminal one slightly the broadest, 

 and these dark bands as broad as, if not broader than, the intervening 

 gray bands; the latter more or less mottled with blackish, especially 

 the more basal gray bands; a broad black pectoral band across the 

 breast fading definitely but rather abruptly into the smoke gray of 

 the throat and with a dark bluish cast on its greater part; rest of 

 underparts white, the sides with black longitudinal streaks, the thighs 

 conspicuously narrowly barred with black, the under tail coverts 

 usually immaculate, but sometimes faintly and narrowly barred 

 blackish; under surface of tail with gray areas paler than on the upper 

 side; under wing coverts white much and variably barred or mixed 

 with black, the axillars black, narrowly tipped with white; bare cir- 

 cumocular region and lores blackish; cere and bill blackish with a 

 bluish cast; iris burnt umber to blacldsh brown; tarsi and toes pale 

 yellow to cream; toes blackish. 



Immature 'plumage (sexes alike) . — Forehead and crown pale smoke 

 gray, the latter with blackish bases to some of the feathers; occiput, 

 cheeks, auriculars, sides and back of neck whitish, the occipital crest 

 feathers blacldsh tipped with white and more or less mottled with 

 smoke gray; scapulars, interscapulars, back, rump, upper wing coverts, 

 and upper tail coverts light neutral gray to neutral gray much mottled 

 with black; remiges as in adults, but less mottled with neutral gray 

 and with more black bands; rectrices neutral gray much mottled, 

 especially obliquely, with black, crossed by a black subterminal band 

 and narrowly tipped with white; the inner webs of the outer rectrices 

 paler and slightly washed with light drab; entire underparts white, 

 the breast feathers washed with drab and mottled or blotched with 

 blackish on the concealed portions, the thighs narrowly and faintly 

 barred with blackish; under wing coverts chiefly white with a few 

 black marks. 



Juvenal (sexes alike). — All feathered parts of head, nape, occiput 

 (including crest), sides of neck, and entire underparts pure white; 

 scapulars, interscapulars, back, rump, lesser and median upper wing 

 coverts very pale drab gray to very pale smoke gray, the interscapulars 

 lightest, almost wliite; greater upper wing coverts smoke gray mottled 

 sparingly with blackish; remiges like those of the immature plumage 

 but the black bars on the secondaries closer together and more numer- 

 ous; upper tail coverts as in immature birds, but with the black 

 mottling less extensive; rectrices as in immature plumage, but the 

 oblique black marks larger and darker and the subterminal band 

 wanting or very indistinct; the underside of the tail very distinctly 



